Chemistry
Chemistry
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780073402734
Author: Julia Burdge
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Chapter 23, Problem 74AP
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Schemes I and II are to be identified that involve magnesium, and equations that are involved in the reaction are to be represented.

Concept Introduction:

In a balanced equation, the number of atomsshould be equal on both the sides.

In a balanced chemical reaction, the mass of the reactants is equal to the mass of the products.

In the case of a nonbalanced equation, choose big number in front of each atom to do balance equation.

A chemical reaction consists of the atoms or molecules that combine with each other to give a product.

Reactants are written in left side of chemicalreaction and products are written in right side of chemical reaction.

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 74AP

Solution: The equations of schemes I and II are represented as:

Scheme I:

2Mg(s)+O2(g)2MgO(s)

A=MgO(s)

MgO(s)+2HCl(aq)MgCl2(aq)+H2O(l)

B=MgCl2(aq)

MgCl2(aq)+Na2CO3(aq)MgCO3(s)+2NaCl(aq)

C=MgCO3(s)

MgCO3(s)MgO(s)+CO2(g)

D=MgO(s), E=CO2(g)

CO2(g)+Ca(OH)2(aq)CaCO3(s)+H2O(l)

F=CaCO3(s)

Scheme II:

Mg(s)+H2SO4(aq)MgSO4(aq)+H2(g)

G=MgSO4(aq)

MgSO4(aq)+2NaOH(aq)Mg(OH)2(s)+Na2SO4(aq)

H=Mg(OH)2(s)

Mg(OH)2(aq)+2HNO3(aq)Mg(NO3)2(aq)+2H2O(l)

I=Mg(NO3)2(s)

2Mg(NO3)2(s)+2MgO(s)+4NO2(g)+O2(g)

NO2 is considered as brown gas

Explanation of Solution

Scheme I:

When solid magnesium burns in oxygen, it gives the white solid MgO as

2Mg(s)+O2(g)2MgO(s).

When solid MgO dissolves in aqueous HCl, it gives a colorless MgCl2 solution and water as

MgO(s)+2HCl(aq)MgCl2(aq)+H2O(l).

When the MgCl2 solution reacts with aqueous Na2CO3, it gives a white precipitate MgCO3 and aqueous NaCl as

MgCl2(aq)+Na2CO3(aq)MgCO3(s)+2NaCl(aq).

When MgCO3 is heated, it decomposes into solid MgO and colorless carbon dioxide gas evolved as

MgCO3(s)MgO(s)+CO2(g).

When carbon dioxide gas is passed through lime water, it gives a white precipitate CaCO3 and water as

CO2(g)+Ca(OH)2(aq)CaCO3(s)+H2O(l).

Scheme II:

When solid magnesium reacts with H2SO4, it gives a colorless MgSO4 solution and hydrogen gas as

Mg(s)+H2SO4(aq)MgSO4(aq)+H2(g).

When MgSO4 solution reacts with aqueous NaOH, it gives a white precipitate Mg(OH)2 as

MgSO4(aq)+2NaOH(aq)Mg(OH)2(s)+Na2SO4(aq).

When Mg(OH)2 dissolves in aqueous HNO3, it gives a colorless solution of Mg(NO3)2 and water as

Mg(OH)2(aq)+2HNO3(aq)Mg(NO3)2(aq)+2H2O(l).

When Mg(NO3)2 is slowly evaporated, it gives a white solid MgO and the brown gas NO2 as

2Mg(NO3)2(s)+2MgO(s)+4NO2(g)+O2(g).

Conclusion

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Chapter 23 Solutions

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