Biology (MindTap Course List)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781285423586
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 2.3, Problem 4C
Summary Introduction
To determine: The circumstances by which weak forces such as hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions play significant roles in the biological systems.
Introduction: Chemical bond is a force that joins two or more atoms together to form a molecule. Ionic bond, metallic bond, and covalent bond are the three main types of
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For Van der Waals forces, answer these three questions:
A) Are they found in polar, non-polar or both types of molecules?
B) Are they strong or weak?
C) Are they found inside a molecule or between a molecule?
How can weak forces, such as hydrogen bonds, have significant effects in organisms?
Why do you think that most textbooks do not consider a hydrogen bond to be an example of a van der Waals force?
Chapter 2 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 2.1 - Compare the physical properties (mass and charge)...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 3LOCh. 2.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 2.1 - What is a radioisotope? What are some ways...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 3CCh. 2.2 - Prob. 4LOCh. 2.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 2.2 - Prob. 6LOCh. 2.2 - What enables a radioisotope to substitute for an...
Ch. 2.2 - Which kind of chemical formula provides the most...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 3CCh. 2.3 - Distinguish among covalent bonds, ionic bonds,...Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 2.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 2.3 - Prob. 3CCh. 2.3 - Prob. 4CCh. 2.4 - Prob. 8LOCh. 2.4 - In what form is energy transferred in a redox...Ch. 2.5 - Explain how hydrogen bonds between adjacent water...Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 2.5 - What are some properties of water that result from...Ch. 2.5 - How can weak forces, such as hydrogen bonds, have...Ch. 2.6 - Contrast acids and bases, and discuss their...Ch. 2.6 - Convert the hydrogen ion concentration (moles per...Ch. 2.6 - Describe the composition of a salt and explain the...Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 1CCh. 2.6 - Prob. 2CCh. 2.6 - Prob. 3CCh. 2.6 - Prob. 4CCh. 2 - Test Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 1....Ch. 2 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 2 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 2 - Test Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 4. 11H...Ch. 2 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 2 - Test Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 6....Ch. 2 - Test Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 7. In...Ch. 2 - Test Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 8....Ch. 2 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 2 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 2 - Test Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 11....Ch. 2 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 2 - Prob. 13TYUCh. 2 - Test Your Understanding Apply and Analyze 14....Ch. 2 - Prob. 15TYUCh. 2 - Prob. 16TYUCh. 2 - Test Your Understanding Evaluate and Synthesize...
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- For each of the following pairs of amino acids, identify the strongest type of intermolecular forces involved when the side chains interact. Explain in terms of the chemical structures of the amino acid side chains. Use the following list: disulfide bridge, hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interaction, or salt bridge. a) D and H b) C and C c) L and A d) G and S e) N and Tarrow_forwardThe gecko is a reptile with an amazing ability to climb smooth surfaces, including glass. Geckos appear to stick to smooth surfaces via van der Waals interactions between septa on their feet and the smooth surface. How is this method of stickiness advantageous over covalent interactions? Given that van der Waals forces are among the weakest molecular interactions, how can the gecko’s feet stick so effectively?arrow_forwardExplain van der Waals interactions.arrow_forward
- Why are hydrogen bonds so important in biological systems, considering that they are so weak?arrow_forwardDescribe the similarities and differences between van der Waals attractions and hydrogen bonds.arrow_forwardWhat is the role of van der Waals interactions in biological molecules? 25 words or lessarrow_forward
- If the noncovalent interactions are so weak in a water environment, how can they possibly be important for holding molecules together in cells?arrow_forwardIn state-space representation, the state equation is typically written in which form? - a) Matrix form - b) Scalar form - c) Vector form - d) Polynomial formarrow_forwardWhy are hydrogen bonds relatively weak?arrow_forward
- List the four types of non-covalent interactions that are important in providing stability to the three-dimensional structures of macromolecules. Why is it important that these interactions be non-covalent, rather than covalent, bonds?arrow_forwardDisulfide bonds help to stabilize the three-dimensional structure of proteins. What amino acids are involved in the formation of disulfide bonds? Does the formation of a disulfide bond increase or decrease entropy (ΔS)?arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between a covalent and non-covalent bond in biochemistry?arrow_forward
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