To predict: The number of particles that would be included in 1g of hydrogen atoms.
Introduction: The basic unit of matter that has the properties of a chemical element is called an atom. Atom is made up of subatomic particles (neutrons, protons, and electrons). The substance that is made from one type of atom is called as an element. Every element has a unique chemical symbol, atomic number, and atomic mass.
To predict: The number of particles that would be included in 2g of hydrogen molecule.
Introduction: The basic unit of matter that has the properties of a chemical element is called an atom. Atom is made up of subatomic particles (neutrons, protons, and electrons). The substance that is made from one type of atom is called as an element. Every element has a unique chemical symbol, atomic number, and atomic mass.
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- A. The first shell corresponds to the first energy level, and it can hold up to 2 electrons. Hydrogen has one proton, so it has 1 electron and one vacancy. A helium atom has 2 protons, 2 electrons, and no vacancies. B. The second shell corresponds to the second energy level, and it can hold up to 8 electrons. Carbon has 6 electrons, so its first shell is full. Its second shell has 4 electrons and four vacancies. Oxygen has 8 electrons and two vacancies. Neon has 10 electrons and no vacancies. C. The third shell corresponds to the third energy level, and it can hold up to 8 electrons. A sodium atom has 11 electrons, so its first two shells are full; the third shell has one electron. Thus, sodium has seven vacancies. Chlorine has 17 electrons and one vacancy. Argon has 18 electrons and no vacancies. Figure It Out: Which of these models have unpaired electrons in their outer shell?arrow_forwardWhich of the following makes water a liquid at room temperature? a) Noncovalent interactions b) Hydrogen bonds between water molecules c) Van der Waals forces of attraction d) Covalent bondingarrow_forwardQ1. Calculate the equivalent weight for HI, NH4OH, and Ca3(PO4)2 respectively? (Atomic weight: H = 1, I = 126, N = 14, O = 16, Ca = 40, P = 31).arrow_forward
- According to chemist John Dalton, if one mole of nitrogen is combined with three moles of hydrogen to form one mole of ammonia (knowing that nitrogen, with an atomic number of 7, has an atomic mass of 14, and hydrogen, with an atomic number of 1, has an atomic mass of 1), then this compound will have an atomic weight (or molecular mass) of: 14 grams per mole (14 daltons) 17 grams per mole (17 daltons) 20 grams per mole (20 daltons) 22 grams per mole (22 daltons) 43 grams per mole (43 daltons)arrow_forwardConsider iron (Fe), hydrogen gas (H2), and ammonia (NH3).Which of them is or are atoms? Which of them is or are molecules? Which of them is or are compounds? Explain eachanswerarrow_forwardA free radiacal is a) Any charged particel b) An atom or molecule with unpaired electron in the outer shell c) An atom with an even number of electronarrow_forward
- 1. The dipole moment in a water molecule Which statement about hydrogen bonds is NOT true? A) Hydrogen bonds account for the anomalously high boiling point of water. B) In liquid water, the average water molecule forms hydrogen bonds with three to four other water molecules. C) Individual hydrogen bonds are much weaker than covalent bonds. D) Individual hydrogen bonds in liquid water exist for many seconds and sometimes for minutes. E) The strength of a hydrogen bond depends on the linearity of the three atoms involved in the bond. 2. A TRUE statement about hydrophobic interactions is that they: A) are the driving force in the formation of micelles of amphipathic compounds in water. B) do not contribute to the structure of water-soluble proteins. C) have bonding energies of approximately 20-40 Kjoule per mole. D) involve the ability of water to denature proteins. E) primarily involve the effect of polar solutes on the entropy of aqueous systems.arrow_forwardDistinguish between each of the following pairs of terms: Neutron and proton Atomic number and mass number Atomic weight and mass numberarrow_forwardFor hydrogen bonds, answer these three questions: A) Are they found in polar, non-polar or both types of molecules? B) Are they strong or weak? C) Are they found inside a molecule or between a molecule?arrow_forward
- Use the following diagram to answer the question: Which of the molecules have hydrogen bonding? OH (B CHa CH,OH D HN OH R OH OH OA Oc I-arrow_forwardDescribe the electrical charge, mass, and location of the threemajor subatomic particles in an atom?arrow_forwardComplete the following table Symbol # protons # electrons # neutrons Atomic Mass Number Number 60CO 27 53 127 25 34 80arrow_forward
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