The expected number of synonymous substitution on the basis of the rate of synonymous substitute provided in the previous question, the time of divergence and number of generations, which take place every year, and the reason for the discrepancy between observed value and expected value. Given: The separation of Drosophilia melanogaster from the Musca domestica (houseflies) occurred about 90 MYA (million years ago). It is assumed that there are 174 synonymous substitutions between these two taxa. It is also assumed that the number of generations remains five per year across these two species. Introduction: By studying the molecular evolution pattern of the genes, biologists are able to make about the inferences about the types of natural selections that have been operating in nature. Such inferences are important to study the functions of the gene and their evolution over the time, in response to the new environmental conditions. On the basis of the given data, it is observed that one exon of a random gene is sequenced in four species. The data of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions and the phylogeny of the species of the Drosophila species are given. There are 2,000 nonsynonymous and 600 synonymous substitutions sites of the exon.

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 23, Problem 3Q

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

The expected number of synonymous substitution on the basis of the rate of synonymous substitute provided in the previous question, the time of divergence and number of generations, which take place every year, and the reason for the discrepancy between observed value and expected value.

Given:

The separation of Drosophilia melanogaster from the Musca domestica (houseflies) occurred about 90 MYA (million years ago). It is assumed that there are 174 synonymous substitutions between these two taxa. It is also assumed that the number of generations remains five per year across these two species.

Introduction:

By studying the molecular evolution pattern of the genes, biologists are able to make about the inferences about the types of natural selections that have been operating in nature. Such inferences are important to study the functions of the gene and their evolution over the time, in response to the new environmental conditions.

On the basis of the given data, it is observed that one exon of a random gene is sequenced in four species. The data of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions and the phylogeny of the species of the Drosophila species are given. There are 2,000 nonsynonymous and 600 synonymous substitutions sites of the exon.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

Topic: Benthic invertebrates as an indicator species for climate change, mapping changes in ecosystems (Historical Analysis & GIS) What objects or events has the team chosen to analyze? How does your team wish to delineate the domain or scale in which these objects or events operate? How does that limited domain facilitate a more feasible research project? What is your understanding of their relationships to other objects and events? Are you excluding other things from consideration which may influence the phenomena you seek to understand? Examples of such exclusions might include certain air-born pollutants; a general class of water bodies near Ottawa, or measurements recorded at other months of the year; interview participants from other organizations that are involved in the development of your central topic or issue. In what ways do your research questions follow as the most appropriate and/or most practical questions (given the circumstances) to pursue to better understand…

The Esp gene encodes a protein that alters the structure of the insulin receptor on osteoblasts and interferes with the binding of insulin to the receptor. A researcher created a group of osteoblasts with an Esp mutation that prevented the production of a functional Esp product (mutant). The researcher then exposed the mutant strain and a normal strain that expresses Esp to glucose and compared the levels of insulin in the blood near the osteoblasts (Figure 2). Which of the following claims is most consistent with the data shown in Figure 2 ? A Esp expression is necessary to prevent the overproduction of insulin. B Esp protein does not regulate blood-s

Predict the per capita rate of change (r) for a population of ruil trees in the presence of the novel symbiont when the soil moisture is 29%. The formula I am given is y= -0.00012x^2 + 0.0088x -0.1372. Do I use this formula and plug in 29 for each x variable?