Concept explainers
To answer:
The childhood immunization for hepatitis B viruseliminates hepatic cancer.
Introduction:
Hepatitis B virus is a double-stranded enveloped virus which replicates in the hepatocytes of the humans. It can be prevented by vaccines. There are two types of vaccines available for hepatitis B virus, Plasma-derived vaccines and recombinant vaccines. Plasma-derived vaccines are generated from the purified HBsAg which is obtained from the plasma of the person who has chronic HBV infection. Recombinant vaccines are from HBsAg that synthesized in the yeast cells.
To answer:
Why the vaccination is exposed only to hepatic B virus infected people.
Introduction:
Chronic HBV infection is causing approximately 60-90% hepatocellular carcinomas in the adults. The combination of hepatitis B vaccination and hepatitis B immunoglobin is the preventive vaccine for the newborn babies from the HBV infected mother.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 23 Solutions
Pearson eText Bauman Microbiology with Diseases by Body Systems -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
- How many times should a child be vaccinated against tetanus?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is a true statement with regard to virusemia? O The second combining form means virulent. O The first combining form means internal organ(s). O The second combining form means blood.arrow_forwardWhich of the following best explains why vaccination of humans against rabies can be delayed until after exposure to a potential source of infection? A) Antibody responses are more rapid than those against other viruses B) T lymphocyte responses are more rapid than those against other viruses C) The virus does not infect any cells for several weeks or months D) The virus does not reach i target organ for several weeks or monthsarrow_forward
- Which response should be caused by vaccination? Describe how this helps the patient if they are exposed to the disease at a later date? What is the common factor between chickenpox and Shingles? What are the differences?arrow_forwardWhat underlying medical condition is this patient suffering from? What is the most likely causative agent?arrow_forwardA female has a history of genetic Inflammatory Bowel Disease with moderate severity. The intestinal mucosa of patients with a preponderance of CD4+ type 1 helper T cells. She visited the doctor during her pregnancy period. A) Identify the signs and symptoms of her case. B) If she is suffered from acute variceal haemorrhage, what are the management strategies that can be used?arrow_forward
- Why is transmission of cytomegalovirus (CMV) through blood components not a significant risk to most recipients? Question 10 options: a) Most recipients are CMV-positive. b) Most recipients are CMV-negative. c) The CMV cannot tolerate cold storage temperatures. d) None of the above.arrow_forwardWhich statement concerning sporotrichosis is false?a) It is characterized by ulcerating lesions along the path of a lymphatic vessel.b) Person-to-person transmission is common.c) It can occur in epidemics.d) It can persist for years if not treated.e) The causative organism is a dimorphic fungus.arrow_forwardVaricella-zoster virus O 1) becomes latent in dorsal root ganglia that serve specific dermatomes. 2) uses the respiratory epithelium as its portal of entry. 3) has humans as its reservoir. 4) causes chickenpox and shingles. 5) All of the choices are correctarrow_forward
- Identify the mode of transmission in each of the following cases. Use the choices below question 31. 29- A child with mild diarrhea wipes himself after a bowel movement. He does not wash his hands afterwards. He and his mother share a bowl of chips. She has diarrhea a few days later. 30-A mosquito bites a blue jay (type of bird), and later bites a woman who is gardening in her yard. The woman gets West Nile Virus as a consequence of the mosquito bite. 31-A medical assistant, Mike, tidies up the room of a patient with C. difficile. He puts drinking cups and the TV remote off to the side. Mike uses some hand sanitizer on his hands, then goes to his next patient and does the same type of jobs. As a result, the second patient is then colonized with C. A. direct contact C. fomite difficile.Your choices for 29-31: E. aviary B. fecal-oral D. vectorarrow_forwardHow is Kaposi sarcoma related to AIDS?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT true about strep throat?(a) It is caused by group A β-hemolytic Streptococcuspyogenes. (b) It can be acquired through droplet nuclei inhalationfrom active cases, healthy carriers, and family pets, aswell as from contaminated food, milk, and water.(c) Active cases can have inflamed and sore throat, swollenadenoids and lymph nodes in neck, pus-filled tonsillarlesions, fever, chills, headache, nausea, and vomiting.(d) Coughing and nasal discharge are common hallmarks ofstrep throat.(e) If immediate treatment with an antibiotic is not given,the patient has a risk of also getting rheumatic fever.arrow_forward