Chapter 23, Problem 23.8P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The resonance structure of para-intermediate drawn and the relative stability is to be noted.

Concept introduction:

The monosubstituted benzene shows electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. The rate of electrophilic aromatic substitution depends on the type of substituent attached to the benzene ring. Substituents increasing the rate of reaction are called the activating group, and substituents decreasing the rate of reaction are called the deactivating group. The ortho/para-directing groups are activating groups, and meta-directing groups are deactivating groups. The major product of electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction depends on the more stable arenium ion intermediate.