Videos
(a) Define carbocation.
(b) Which of the following are carbocations?
(i)
Interpretation:
Explanation of carbocation, Carbocation should be identified for the given molecule.
Concept introduction:
Carbocation: carbon atom bears positive charged species with three bonds is called Carbocation and it plays vital intermediate in organic synthesis. Carbocation migratory aptitude is mainly depends on the stability of the carbocation.
Carbocation’s are classified in to three types as primary, secondary and tertiary depending on the number of carbon atoms which is attached to the ionized carbon.
Tertiary carbocation is more stable than secondary carbocation, secondary carbocation is more stable than the primary carbocation.
Answer to Problem 23.53QP
Answer
Carbocation: carbon atom bears positive charged species with three bonds is called Carbocation and it plays vital intermediate in organic synthesis. Carbocation migratory aptitude is mainly depends on the stability of the carbocation. (a).
Explanation of Solution
To explain:carbocation
Structure of the carbocation is given below,
Carbon atom bears positive charged species with three bonds is called Carbocation and it plays vital intermediate in organic synthesis. Carbocation migratory aptitude is mainly depends on the stability of the carbocation.
(ii)
Interpretation:
Explanation of carbocation, Carbocation should be identified for the given molecule.
Concept introduction:
Carbocation: carbon atom bears positive charged species with three bonds is called Carbocation and it plays vital intermediate in organic synthesis. Carbocation migratory aptitude is mainly depends on the stability of the carbocation.
Carbocation’s are classified in to three types as primary, secondary and tertiary depending on the number of carbon atoms which is attached to the ionized carbon.
Tertiary carbocation is more stable than secondary carbocation, secondary carbocation is more stable than the primary carbocation.
Answer to Problem 23.53QP
Answer
The given molecule is not a carbocation, the structure of the molecule is shown below
Explanation of Solution
To find: The carbocation.
The given molecule is not a carbocation, the structure of the molecule is shown below
Oxygen is bearing positive charge, so the given molecule is not a carbocation.
(iii)
Interpretation:
Explanation of carbocation, Carbocation should be identified for the given molecule.
Concept introduction:
Carbocation: carbon atom bears positive charged species with three bonds is called Carbocation and it plays vital intermediate in organic synthesis. Carbocation migratory aptitude is mainly depends on the stability of the carbocation.
Carbocation’s are classified in to three types as primary, secondary and tertiary depending on the number of carbon atoms which is attached to the ionized carbon.
Tertiary carbocation is more stable than secondary carbocation, secondary carbocation is more stable than the primary carbocation.
Answer to Problem 23.53QP
Answer
The given molecule is carbocation, the structure of the molecule is shown below
Explanation of Solution
To find: The carbocation.
The given molecule is carbocation, the structure of the molecule is shown below
Carbon atom bears positive charged species with three bonds so the given molecule is called Carbocation
(vi)
Interpretation:
Explanation of carbocation, Carbocation should be identified for the given molecule.
Concept introduction:
Carbocation: carbon atom bears positive charged species with three bonds is called Carbocation and it plays vital intermediate in organic synthesis. Carbocation migratory aptitude is mainly depends on the stability of the carbocation.
Carbocation’s are classified in to three types as primary, secondary and tertiary depending on the number of carbon atoms which is attached to the ionized carbon.
Tertiary carbocation is more stable than secondary carbocation, secondary carbocation is more stable than the primary carbocation.
Answer to Problem 23.53QP
Answer
The given molecule is carbocation, the structure of the molecule is shown below (d)
Explanation of Solution
To find:The carbocation.
The given molecule is carbocation, the structure of the molecule is shown below
Carbon atom bears positive charged species with three bonds so the given molecule is called Carbocation
(v)
Interpretation:
Explanation of carbocation, Carbocation should be identified for the given molecule.
Concept introduction:
Carbocation: carbon atom bears positive charged species with three bonds is called Carbocation and it plays vital intermediate in organic synthesis. Carbocation migratory aptitude is mainly depends on the stability of the carbocation.
Carbocation’s are classified in to three types as primary, secondary and tertiary depending on the number of carbon atoms which is attached to the ionized carbon.
Tertiary carbocation is more stable than secondary carbocation, secondary carbocation is more stable than the primary carbocation.
Answer to Problem 23.53QP
Answer
The given molecule is carbocation, the structure of the molecule is shown below (e)
Explanation of Solution
To find:The carbocation.
The given molecule is carbocation, the structure of the molecule is shown below
Carbon atom bears positive charged species with three bonds so the given molecule is called Carbocation.
(vi)
Interpretation:
Explanation of carbocation, Carbocation should be identified for the given molecule.
Concept introduction:
Carbocation: carbon atom bears positive charged species with three bonds is called Carbocation and it plays vital intermediate in organic synthesis. Carbocation migratory aptitude is mainly depends on the stability of the carbocation.
Carbocation’s are classified in to three types as primary, secondary and tertiary depending on the number of carbon atoms which is attached to the ionized carbon.
Tertiary carbocation is more stable than secondary carbocation, secondary carbocation is more stable than the primary carbocation.
Answer to Problem 23.53QP
Answer
The given molecule is not a carbocation, the structure of the molecule is shown below (f)
Explanation of Solution
To find: The carbocation.
The given molecule is not a carbocation, the structure of the molecule is shown below (f)
Nitrogen is bearing positive charge with four bonds, so the given molecule is not a carbocation.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 23 Solutions
Chemistry: Atoms First
- answer thisarrow_forwardplease add appropriate arrows and tell me in detail where to add which or draw itarrow_forwardPart 1. Draw monomer units of the following products and draw their reaction mechanism (with arrow pushing) Temporary cross-linked polymer Using: 4% polyvinyl alcohol+ methyl red + 4% sodium boratearrow_forward
- can you please answer both these questions and draw the neccesaryarrow_forwardcan you please give the answer for both these pictures. thankyouarrow_forwardPart 1. Draw monomer units of the following products and draw their reaction mechanism (with arrow pushing) | Bakelite like polymer Using: Resorcinol + NaOH + Formalinarrow_forward
- Question 19 0/2 pts 3 Details You have a mixture of sodium chloride (NaCl) and potassium chloride (KCl) dissolved in water and want to separate out the Cl- ions by precipitating them out using silver ions (Ag+). The chemical equation for the net ionic reaction of NaCl and KCl with silver nitrate, AgNO3, is shown below. Ag+(aq) + Cl(aq) → AgCl(s) The total mass of the NaCl/KCl mixture is 1.299 g. Adding 50.42 mL of 0.381 M solution precipitates out all of the Cl-. What are the masses of NaCl and KCl in the mixture? Atomic masses: g: Mass of NaCl g: Mass of KCL Ag = 107.868 g mol- 1 Cl = 35.453 g mol- 1 K = 39.098 g mol- N = 14.007 g mol−1 Na = 22.99 g mol−1 0 = 15.999 g mol 1 Question Help: ✓ Message instructor Submit Questionarrow_forwardPart 1. Draw monomer units of the following products and draw their reaction mechanism (with arrow pushing) Polyester fiber Using a) pthalic anhydride + anhydrous sodium acetate + ethylene glycol B)pthalic anhydride + anhydrous sodium acetate + glycerolarrow_forwardIdentify the missing starting materials/ reagents/ products in the following reactions. Show the stereochemistry clearly in the structures, if any. If there is a major product, draw the structures of the major product with stereochemistry clearly indicated where applicable. Show only the diastereomers (you do not have to draw the pairs of enantiomers). If you believe that multiple products are formed in approximately equal amounts (hence neither is the major product), draw the structures of the products, and show the detailed mechanism of these reactions to justify the formation of the multiple products. If you believe no product is formed, explain why briefly. (6 mark for each, except f and g, which are 10 mark each)arrow_forward
- 3. What starting material would you use to synthesize 3-hydroxypentanoic acid using a NaBH4 reduction?arrow_forward1. Give stereochemical (Fischer projection) formulas for all (but no extras) the stereoisomers that could theoretically form during the reduction of a. the carbonyl group of 2-methyl-3--pentanone b. both carbonyl groups of 2,4-pentanedione (careful!) 2. Predict the products of the reduction of O=CCH2CH2CH2C=O with a. LiAlH4 b. NaBH4 CH3 OHarrow_forwardWhich of the following compounds can be synthesized using one reaction from any alkene, as a major product? If it can be synthesized, propose a route, and you may use any other starting materials, reagents and solvents as needed. If you do not think that it can be synthesized as a major product from an alkene, explain in detail why.arrow_forward
ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Principles of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Chemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage Learning
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY