Chapter 23, Problem 23.52QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Classification of the reaction should be identified for the given transformation.

Concept introduction:

Substitution reaction: During a chemical reaction when one functional group is transformed as another functional group in a chemical compound is called substitution reaction.

Nucleophilic Substitution reaction: electron rich nucleophile attacks the positive or partially positive charge of an atom and replace a leaving group is called Nucleophilic Substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: An elimination reaction is removal of two substituents in a molecule and forms alkene. An elimination reaction is one or two-step process which based on the mechanism when two substituents removed from the molecule in single step is called E1 reaction. When two substituents are removed from the molecule in two steps is called E2 reaction.

Addition reaction: addition reaction is two or more molecules combine to form a larger one.

Isomerization: one molecule is transformed into another molecule with same molecular formula but different arrangement.

Answer to Problem 23.52QP

The given reaction is isomerization reaction, the reaction is shown below (a)

Explanation of Solution

To find:type of the reaction.

The given reaction is isomerization reaction, the reaction is shown below

Compound (A) is transformed into compound (B) with same molecular formula but different arrangement so it is called isomerization. The reaction is called isomerization.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Classification of the reaction should be identified for the given transformation.

Concept introduction:

Substitution reaction: During a chemical reaction when one functional group is transformed as another functional group in a chemical compound is called substitution reaction.

Nucleophilic Substitution reaction: electron rich nucleophile attacks the positive or partially positive charge of an atom and replace a leaving group is called Nucleophilic Substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: An elimination reaction is removal of two substituents in a molecule and forms alkene. An elimination reaction is one or two-step process which based on the mechanism when two substituents removed from the molecule in single step is called E1 reaction. When two substituents are removed from the molecule in two steps is called E2 reaction.

Addition reaction: addition reaction is two or more molecules combine to form a larger one.

Isomerization: one molecule is transformed into another molecule with same molecular formula but different arrangement.

Answer to Problem 23.52QP

The given reaction is substitution reaction, the reaction is shown below (b)

Explanation of Solution

To find: type of the reaction.

The given reaction is substitution reaction, the reaction is shown below

Compound (A) is undergoes reaction with chlorine which forms chlorinatedcompound (B) with elimination of hydrochloric acid in the presence of heat and the hydrogen atom is replaced by the chlorine atom. The reaction is called substitution reaction.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Classification of the reaction should be identified for the given transformation.

Concept introduction:

Substitution reaction: During a chemical reaction when one functional group is transformed as another functional group in a chemical compound is called substitution reaction.

Nucleophilic Substitution reaction: electron rich nucleophile attacks the positive or partially positive charge of an atom and replace a leaving group is called Nucleophilic Substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: An elimination reaction is removal of two substituents in a molecule and forms alkene. An elimination reaction is one or two-step process which based on the mechanism when two substituents removed from the molecule in single step is called E1 reaction. When two substituents are removed from the molecule in two steps is called E2 reaction.

Addition reaction: addition reaction is two or more molecules combine to form a larger one.

Isomerization: one molecule is transformed into another molecule with same molecular formula but different arrangement.

Answer to Problem 23.52QP

The given reaction is addition reaction, the reaction is shown below (c)

Explanation of Solution

To find: type of the reaction.

The given reaction is addition reaction, the reaction is shown below

Compound (A) is undergoes addition reaction with chlorine which forms chlorinated compound (B). The reaction is called addition reaction.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Classification of the reaction should be identified for the given transformation.

Concept introduction:

Substitution reaction: During a chemical reaction when one functional group is transformed as another functional group in a chemical compound is called substitution reaction.

Nucleophilic Substitution reaction: electron rich nucleophile attacks the positive or partially positive charge of an atom and replace a leaving group is called Nucleophilic Substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: An elimination reaction is removal of two substituents in a molecule and forms alkene. An elimination reaction is one or two-step process which based on the mechanism when two substituents removed from the molecule in single step is called E1 reaction. When two substituents are removed from the molecule in two steps is called E2 reaction.

Addition reaction: addition reaction is two or more molecules combine to form a larger one.

Isomerization: one molecule is transformed into another molecule with same molecular formula but different arrangement.

Answer to Problem 23.52QP

The given reaction is substitution reaction, the reaction is shown below (d)

Explanation of Solution

To find: type of the reaction.

The given reaction is addition reaction, the reaction is shown below (e)

Compound (A) is undergoes reaction with hydrogen cyanide which forms cyanohydrin (B). The reaction is called addition reaction.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Classification of the reaction should be identified for the given transformation.

Concept introduction:

Substitution reaction: During a chemical reaction when one functional group is transformed as another functional group in a chemical compound is called substitution reaction.

Nucleophilic Substitution reaction: electron rich nucleophile attacks the positive or partially positive charge of an atom and replace a leaving group is called Nucleophilic Substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: An elimination reaction is removal of two substituents in a molecule and forms alkene. An elimination reaction is one or two-step process which based on the mechanism when two substituents removed from the molecule in single step is called E1 reaction. When two substituents are removed from the molecule in two steps is called E2 reaction.

Addition reaction: addition reaction is two or more molecules combine to form a larger one.

Isomerization: one molecule is transformed into another molecule with same molecular formula but different arrangement.

Answer to Problem 23.52QP

The given reaction is addition reaction, the reaction is shown below (e)

The given reaction is elimination reaction, the reaction is shown below (e)

Explanation of Solution

To find: type of the reaction.

The given reaction is elimination reaction, the reaction is shown below

Compound (A) is undergoes elimination reaction with sulfuric acid which forms corresponding elimination compound (B). The reaction is called elimination reaction.