Chapter 23, Problem 23.14QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the organic compounds should be given.

Concept introduction:

Organic compounds are named systematically by using IUPAC rules.

Name of the organic compounds are given according to the number of carbon present in the molecule for example

A molecule having one carbon atom, the molecule name will start with meth etc.…

If any halogens are present in the molecule, the name of the halogens as follows.

Naming the substituted alkane:

1. (1) Name the parent alkane (long alkyl chain)
2. (2) Number the carbon
3. (3) Name and number the substituent

If the molecules have the multiple substituents, the compound named as di, tri, tetra, penta, ect.

If the molecules having functional group, the name of the compound is given below. Numbering should be starts from the functional group of the given molecule.

The given compound is an alcohol $\left(\text{OH}\right)$, the compound name end up with ol. The name of the compound is given according to the number of carbon atom.

Example is given below

The given compound is an acid ( $\text{COOH}$), the compound name end up with oic. The name of the compound is given according to the number of carbon atom.

The amides are derivatives of acids and it is named as the ending of alkane with amide.

For example

If the molecule is ester,

Esters end with “ate”

Example

The given compound is an aldehyde ( $\text{CHO}$), the compound name end up with al. The name of the compound is given according to the number of carbon atom.

The given compound is an aldehyde ( $\text{CO}$), the compound name end up with one. The name of the compound is given according to the number of carbon atom.

The given compound is an aldehyde ( ${\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}$), the compound name end up with amine. The name of the compound is given according to the number of carbon atom.

Answer to Problem 23.14QP

Answer

1. (1) Structure of the given organic compounds is shown below (a).

Explanation of Solution

To find: The structure of the given organic molecule.

Name of the given organic compounds is 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone.

Parent chain is identified and numbering is given for the compound. According to the name, third carbon is bearing two methyl groups and second carbon is bearing one carbonyl group and the given name is butane which clearly indicates that the compound having four carbon atoms in the parent molecule and two carbon atoms in the side chain. According to the name, the structure of the molecule is given above.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the organic compounds should be given.

Concept introduction:

Organic compounds are named systematically by using IUPAC rules.

Name of the organic compounds are given according to the number of carbon present in the molecule for example

A molecule having one carbon atom, the molecule name will start with meth etc.…

If any halogens are present in the molecule, the name of the halogens as follows.

Naming the substituted alkane:

1. (4) Name the parent alkane (long alkyl chain)
2. (5) Number the carbon
3. (6) Name and number the substituent

If the molecules have the multiple substituents, the compound named as di, tri, tetra, penta, ect.

If the molecules having functional group, the name of the compound is given below. Numbering should be starts from the functional group of the given molecule.

The given compound is an alcohol $\left(\text{OH}\right)$, the compound name end up with ol. The name of the compound is given according to the number of carbon atom.

Example is given below

The given compound is an acid ( $\text{COOH}$), the compound name end up with oic. The name of the compound is given according to the number of carbon atom.

The amides are derivatives of acids and it is named as the ending of alkane with amide.

For example

If the molecule is ester,

Esters end with “ate”

Example

The given compound is an aldehyde ( $\text{CHO}$), the compound name end up with al. The name of the compound is given according to the number of carbon atom.

The given compound is an aldehyde ( $\text{CO}$), the compound name end up with one. The name of the compound is given according to the number of carbon atom.

The given compound is an aldehyde ( ${\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}$), the compound name end up with amine. The name of the compound is given according to the number of carbon atom.

Answer to Problem 23.14QP

Answer

Structure of the given organic compounds is shown below (b).

Explanation of Solution

To find: The structure of the given organic molecule.

Name of the given organic compounds is 3-hydroxybutanal

Parent chain is identified and numbering is given for the compound. According to the name, third carbon is bearing one hydroxyl group and first carbon is bearing one aldehyde group and the parent name of the molecule is butane which clearly indicates that the compound having four carbon atoms in the parent. According to the name, the structure of the molecule is given above.

(C)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the organic compounds should be given.

Concept introduction:

Organic compounds are named systematically by using IUPAC rules.

Name of the organic compounds are given according to the number of carbon present in the molecule for example

A molecule having one carbon atom, the molecule name will start with meth etc.…

If any halogens are present in the molecule, the name of the halogens as follows.

Naming the substituted alkane:

1. (7) Name the parent alkane (long alkyl chain)
2. (8) Number the carbon
3. (9) Name and number the substituent

If the molecules have the multiple substituents, the compound named as di, tri, tetra, penta, ect.

If the molecules having functional group, the name of the compound is given below. Numbering should be starts from the functional group of the given molecule.

The given compound is an alcohol $\left(\text{OH}\right)$, the compound name end up with ol. The name of the compound is given according to the number of carbon atom.

Example is given below

The given compound is an acid ( $\text{COOH}$), the compound name end up with oic. The name of the compound is given according to the number of carbon atom.

The amides are derivatives of acids and it is named as the ending of alkane with amide.

For example

If the molecule is ester,

Esters end with “ate”

Example

The given compound is an aldehyde ( $\text{CHO}$), the compound name end up with al. The name of the compound is given according to the number of carbon atom.

The given compound is an aldehyde ( $\text{CO}$), the compound name end up with one. The name of the compound is given according to the number of carbon atom.

The given compound is an aldehyde ( ${\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}$), the compound name end up with amine. The name of the compound is given according to the number of carbon atom.

Answer to Problem 23.14QP

Answer

Structure of the given organic compounds is shown below (c).

Explanation of Solution

To find: The structure of the given organic molecule.

Name of the given organic compounds is ethyl pentanoate.

Parent chain is identified and numbering is given for the compound. According to the name, fifth carbon is bearing ester group ( $\text{COO}$) and the parent name of the molecule is pentane which clearly indicates that the compound having five carbon atoms in the parent. According to the name, the structure of the molecule is given above.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the organic compounds should be given.

Concept introduction:

Organic compounds are named systematically by using IUPAC rules.

Name of the organic compounds are given according to the number of carbon present in the molecule for example

A molecule having one carbon atom, the molecule name will start with meth etc.…

If any halogens are present in the molecule, the name of the halogens as follows.

Naming the substituted alkane:

1. (10) Name the parent alkane (long alkyl chain)
2. (11) Number the carbon
3. (12) Name and number the substituent

If the molecules have the multiple substituents, the compound named as di, tri, tetra, penta, ect.

If the molecules having functional group, the name of the compound is given below. Numbering should be starts from the functional group of the given molecule.

The given compound is an alcohol $\left(\text{OH}\right)$, the compound name end up with ol. The name of the compound is given according to the number of carbon atom.

Example is given below

The given compound is an acid ( $\text{COOH}$), the compound name end up with oic. The name of the compound is given according to the number of carbon atom.

The amides are derivatives of acids and it is named as the ending of alkane with amide.

For example

If the molecule is ester,

Esters end with “ate”

Example

The given compound is an aldehyde ( $\text{CHO}$), the compound name end up with al. The name of the compound is given according to the number of carbon atom.

The given compound is an aldehyde ( $\text{CO}$), the compound name end up with one. The name of the compound is given according to the number of carbon atom.

The given compound is an aldehyde ( ${\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}$), the compound name end up with amine. The name of the compound is given according to the number of carbon atom.

Answer to Problem 23.14QP

Structure of the given organic compounds is shown below (d).

Explanation of Solution

To find: The structure of the given organic molecule.

Name of the given organic compounds is 2,2,2-trichloroethanal.

Parent chain is identified and numbering is given for the compound. According to the name, second carbon is bearing an amine group, sixth carbon is bearing one methyl group and the parent name of the molecule is heptane which clearly indicates that the compound having seven carbon atoms in the parent. According to the name, the structure of the molecule is given above.