Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781337408332
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 22, Problem 3DAA
Insect-Assisted Fertilization in Moss Moss sperm can swim, but plant ecologist Nils Cronberg suspected that they sometimes hitch a ride on crawling insects or mites (tiny animals related to spiders). To test this hypothesis he carried out an experiment. He placed patches of male and female moss gametophytes in dishes, either next to one another or with water-absorbing plaster between them. The plaster prevented sperm from Swimming between plants. He then looked at how the presence or absence of insects affected the number of sporophytes formed. FIGURE 22.8 shows his results.
FIGURE 22.8 Sporophyte production in female moss patches with and without either crawling insects (springtails) or mites. No Sporophytes formed in the animal-free dishes when moss patches were 2 or 4 centimeters apart
Does this study support the hypothesis that insects and mites aid moss fertilization?
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Chapter 22 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 22 - Insect-Assisted Fertilization in Moss Moss sperm...Ch. 22 - Prob. 2DAACh. 22 - Insect-Assisted Fertilization in Moss Moss sperm...Ch. 22 - The first land plants were ___ . a. gnetophytes b....Ch. 22 - Lignin supports. the stems of ___ . a. mosses b....Ch. 22 - A waxy cuticle helps land plants ___ . a. oonserve...Ch. 22 - True or false? Ferns produce seeds inside sori.Ch. 22 - ___ attach mosses to soil. a. Rhizoids b. Rhizomes...Ch. 22 - Bryophytes alone have a relatively large ___ and...Ch. 22 - Club mosses, horsetails, and ferns are ___ plants....
Ch. 22 - Coal consists primarily of compressed remains of...Ch. 22 - Prob. 9SQCh. 22 - A seed is a(n) ___ . a. female gametophyte b....Ch. 22 - Prob. 11SQCh. 22 - Which angiosperm lineage includes the most...Ch. 22 - Match the terms appropriately. ____ bryophyte a....Ch. 22 - Match the terms appropriately. ____ ovule a....Ch. 22 - Place these groups. in order of their appearance...Ch. 22 - Early botanists admired ferns but found their life...Ch. 22 - In animals, meiosis of germ cells produces...Ch. 22 - Consider a cherry pit, which is a seed with a...Ch. 22 - Suppose you wanted to make a science fiction film...Ch. 22 - Lignin and vascular tissue first evolved in...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- In flowers, the structures that produce male gametophytes are called _______ ;the strcutures that produce female gametophytes are called _______ . a. pollen grains; flowers c. anthers; stigma b. stamen; carpels d. megaspores; microsporesarrow_forwardMany biology labs use slides of root tips to demonstrate the stages of mitosis. Why is this a better choice than using a slide of a mature leaf?arrow_forwardFill the blank space with one of the options Look at the pollen grain in the microscope, according to the morphology that presents this type of distribution of pollen is through ................ (water-wind- animals) because they present ................ (Channels - Hooks - spikes - sticky liquid), another name that is given to this type of distribution is ................ (Zoofila - anemophilous- hydrophilic) pollination.arrow_forward
- (a) Describe the role of mitosis in the growth of a plant. (b) Explain why there are more cells observed in mitosis in the root tip than in the woody stem.arrow_forwardCan you answer all the parts to this question please (a) What are the advantages of the self-incompatibility (SI) system in plants? Give at least three advantages. (b) What are the differences between gametophytic SI and sporophytic SI?arrow_forwardWe used seedlings of Lepidium sativum to see under which conditions it would germinate in an experiment. We'd use cotton wool and dampen it, and placing the seedlings at the bottom. Depending on which bottle it was, some were mixed with dampened cotton wool, and others didn't have cotton wool that were dampened. Then the opening of the bottle was covered, except for one which was covered with a lid. (See the picture). Now, I have to explain my results in my lab report. I can't find a solid source on what factors that cause the germination of seedlings. I've covered cellular respiration, and photosynthesis, but I don't know how to proceed from here. Bear also in mind that there's no soil in which the seed is germinating, so I will have to be able to explain this. Second of all, could you clue me in on how moisture is important for the germination of seedlings? Should I also bring up the physiology of seedlings and how they're growing?arrow_forward
- And some plants as stigma becomes receptive to Polin able to facilitate a pollen tube at a different time from when the anthers ripen. How would this affect the plant reproductive strategy why would this increase diversity in the plants offspring?arrow_forwardDuring double fertilization, one sperm will unite with the egg, forming a zygote. As mentioned in the lecture, a generative cell divides to form two sperm. How is the second sperm used during the process of double fertilization? 00 00 It fertilizes the flower by landing directly on the stigma, which is the sticky surface found above a flower's style and ovary. This depends on the type of plant. Land plants will allocate the sperm that is not united with the egg to the formation of different tissues through mitosis and cytokinesis. It forms a triploid cell by fusing with polar nuclei. This cell then divides and develops endosperm tissue. Since it was not the sperm to fuse with the polar nuclei, the sperm cell will degenerate.arrow_forwardSeeds and pollen grains are key adaptations for life on land. These adaptations relate to reproductive success and survival advantages. The following questions require you to explain some of these adaptations. A. Contrast sperm delivery in seedless plants with sperm delivery in seed plants. (5-6 sentence) B. Discuss at least one feature of seed plants that contributed to their success on land in contrast with seedless plants. (2-3 sentences) C. Flowering plants (Magnoliophyta) are the most successful of all plant groups in terms of their species diversity and ubiquity across habitat types. Climate warming is causing shifts in the timing of life history events for many species. Discuss how climate warming may influence reproductive strategies employed by flowering plants. (2-3 sentence)arrow_forward
- Plants and animals originated in water environments and, much later, plants invaded the land and later still, animals invaded the land. a) With respect to the four groups of plants (Bryophytes, seedless vascular plants, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms), give the basic method of fertilization. That is, how do the sperm reach the eggs? b) What is the significance of the fertilization methods to the invasion of the land by the Gymnosperms and Angiosperms?arrow_forwardWhat preliminary conclusions can you draw from the results of the experiment and what is the independent and dependent variable ?arrow_forwardWhich of the following comparisons between the moss life cycle and fern life cycle are correct? A) Mosses have flagellated sperm that need water to reach the female gamete, while the sperm of ferns are unflagellated and are not dependent on water.B) The sporophyte generation is smaller than the gametophyte generation in mosses, but the sporophyte generation is much larger than the gametophyte generation in ferns.C) The spores are produced in capsules on stalks in mosses but in small structures called sori on the underside of leaves in ferns.D) The gametes are produced in gametangia in mosses but in specialized structures on the underside of leaves in ferns.E) Both kinds of plants depend on wind for dispersal of spores.arrow_forward
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