Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology Update (No access codes included)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305116399
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 22, Problem 22.79AP
(a)
To determine
The work done on the gas in expansion process is
(b)
To determine
Whether this expansion process has
(c)
To determine
Whether this process violates the second law of
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Chapter 22 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology Update (No access codes included)
Ch. 22 - The energy input to an engine is 4.00 times...Ch. 22 - The energy entering an electric heater by...Ch. 22 - Three engines operate between reservoirs separated...Ch. 22 - (a) Suppose you select four cards at random from a...Ch. 22 - An ideal gas is taken from an initial temperature...Ch. 22 - True or False: The entropy change in an adiabatic...Ch. 22 - The second law of thermodynamics implies that the...Ch. 22 - Assume a sample of an ideal gas is at room...Ch. 22 - A refrigerator has 18.0 kJ of work clone on it...Ch. 22 - Of the following, which is not a statement of the...
Ch. 22 - Consider cyclic processes completely characterized...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.6OQCh. 22 - A steam turbine operates at a boiler temperature...Ch. 22 - A thermodynamic process occurs in which the...Ch. 22 - A sample of a monatomic ideal gas is contained in...Ch. 22 - An engine does 15.0 kJ of work while exhausting...Ch. 22 - The arrow OA in the PV diagram shown in Figure...Ch. 22 - The energy exhaust from a certain coal-fired...Ch. 22 - Discuss three different common examples of natural...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.3CQCh. 22 - The first law of thermodynamics says you cant...Ch. 22 - Energy is the mistress of the Universe, and...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.6CQCh. 22 - The device shown in Figure CQ22.7, called a...Ch. 22 - A steam-driven turbine is one major component of...Ch. 22 - Discuss the change in entropy of a gas that...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.10CQCh. 22 - Prob. 22.11CQCh. 22 - (a) If you shake a jar full of jelly beans of...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.13CQCh. 22 - A particular heat engine has a mechanical power...Ch. 22 - The work done by an engine equals one-fourth the...Ch. 22 - A heat engine takes in 360 J of energy from a hot...Ch. 22 - A gun is a heat engine. In particular, it is an...Ch. 22 - An engine absorbs 1.70 kJ from a hot reservoir at...Ch. 22 - A multicylinder gasoline engine in an airplane,...Ch. 22 - Suppose a heat engine is connected to two energy...Ch. 22 - A refrigerator has a coefficient of performance...Ch. 22 - During each cycle, a refrigerator ejects 625 kJ of...Ch. 22 - A heat pump has a coefficient of performance of...Ch. 22 - A refrigerator has a coefficient of performance of...Ch. 22 - A heat pump has a coefficient of performance equal...Ch. 22 - A freezer has a coefficient of performance of...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.14PCh. 22 - One of the most efficient heat engines ever built...Ch. 22 - Why is the following situation impossible? An...Ch. 22 - A Carnot engine has a power output of 150 kW. The...Ch. 22 - A Carnot engine has a power output P. The engine...Ch. 22 - What is the coefficient of performance of a...Ch. 22 - An ideal refrigerator or ideal heat pump is...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.21PCh. 22 - How much work does an ideal Carnot refrigerator...Ch. 22 - If a 35.0% -efficient Carnot heat engine (Fig....Ch. 22 - A power plant operates at a 32.0% efficiency...Ch. 22 - A heat engine is being designed to have a Carnot...Ch. 22 - A Carnot heat engine operates between temperatures...Ch. 22 - An ideal gas is taken through a Carnot cycle. The...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.28PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.29PCh. 22 - Suppose you build a two-engine device with the...Ch. 22 - Argon enters a turbine at a rate of 80.0 kg/min, a...Ch. 22 - At point A in a Carnot cycle, 2.34 mol of a...Ch. 22 - An electric generating station is designed to have...Ch. 22 - An ideal (Carnot) freezer in a kitchen has a...Ch. 22 - A heat pump used for heating shown in Figure...Ch. 22 - A gasoline engine has a compression ratio of 6.00....Ch. 22 - In a cylinder of an automobile engine, immediately...Ch. 22 - An idealized diesel engine operates in a cycle...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.39PCh. 22 - (a) Prepare a table like Table 21.1 for the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.41PCh. 22 - An ice tray contains 500 g of liquid water at 0C....Ch. 22 - A Styrofoam cup holding 125 g of hot water at 100C...Ch. 22 - A 1.00-kg iron horseshoe is taken from a forge at...Ch. 22 - A 1 500-kg car is moving at 20.0 m/s. The driver...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.46PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.47PCh. 22 - 1.00-mol sample of H2 gas is contained in the left...Ch. 22 - A 2.00-L container has a center partition that...Ch. 22 - What change in entropy occurs when a 27.9-g ice...Ch. 22 - Calculate the change in entropy of 250 g of water...Ch. 22 - How fast are you personally making the entropy of...Ch. 22 - When an aluminum bar is connected between a hot...Ch. 22 - When a metal bar is connected between a hot...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.55PCh. 22 - Calculate the increase in entropy of the Universe...Ch. 22 - How much work is required, using an ideal Carnot...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.58APCh. 22 - The energy absorbed by an engine is three times...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.60APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.61APCh. 22 - In 1993, the U.S. government instituted a...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.63APCh. 22 - One mole of neon gas is heated from 300 K to 420 K...Ch. 22 - Au airtight freezer holds n moles of air at 25.0C...Ch. 22 - Suppose an ideal (Carnot) heat pump could be...Ch. 22 - In 1816, Robert Stirling, a Scottish clergyman,...Ch. 22 - A firebox is at 750 K, and the ambient temperature...Ch. 22 - Review. This problem complements Problem 44 in...Ch. 22 - A biology laboratory is maintained at a constant...Ch. 22 - A power plant, having a Carnot efficiency,...Ch. 22 - A power plant, having a Carnot efficiency,...Ch. 22 - A 1.00-mol sample of an ideal monatomic gas is...Ch. 22 - A system consisting of n moles of an ideal gas...Ch. 22 - A heat engine operates between two reservoirs at...Ch. 22 - A 1.00-mol sample of a monatomic ideal gas is...Ch. 22 - A sample consisting of n moles of an ideal gas...Ch. 22 - An athlete whose mass is 70.0 kg drinks 16.0...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.79APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.80APCh. 22 - A 1.00-mol sample of an ideal gas ( = 1.40) is...Ch. 22 - The compression ratio of an Otto cycle as shown in...
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- The energy input to an engine is 3.00 times greater than the work it performs. (i) What is its thermal efficiency? (a) 3.00 (b) 1.00 (c) 0.333 (d) impossible to determine (ii) What fraction of the energy input is expelled to the cold reservoir? (a) 0.333 (b) 0.667 (c) 1.00 (d) impossible to determinearrow_forwardA copper rod of cross-sectional area 5.0 cm2 and length 5.0 m conducts heat from a heat reservoir at 373 K to one at 273 K. What is the time rate of change of the universe's entropy for this process?arrow_forwardA car tile contains 0.0380 m3 of air at a pressure of 2.20105 Pa (about 32 psi). How much more internal energy does this gas have than the same volume has at zero gauge pressure (which is equivalent to normal atmospheric pressure)?arrow_forward
- When 400 J of heat are slowly added to 10 mol of an ideal monatomic gas, its temperature rises by 10 . What is the work done on the gas?arrow_forwardA multicylinder gasoline engine in an airplane, operating at 2.50 103 rev/min, takes in energy 7.89 103 J and exhausts 4.58 103 J for each revolution of the crankshaft. (a) How many liters of fuel does it consume in 1.00 h of operation if the heat of combustion of the fuel is equal to 4.03 107 J/L? (b) What is the mechanical power output of the engine? Ignore friction and express the answer in horsepower. (c) What is the torque exerted by the crankshaft on the load? (d) What power must the exhaust and cooling system transfer out of the engine?arrow_forwardThe insulated cylinder shown below is closed at both ends and contains an insulating piston that is flee to move on frictionless bearings. The piston divides the chamber into two compartments containing gases A and B. Originally, each compartment has a volume of 5.0102 m3 and contains a monatomic ideal gas at a temperature of and a pressure of 1.0 atm. (a) How many moles of gas are in each compartment? (b) Heat Q is slowly added to A so that it expands and B is compressed until the pressure of both gases is 3.0 atm. Use the fact that the compression of B is adiabatic to determine the final volume of both gases. (c) What are their final temperatures? (d) What is the value of Q?arrow_forward
- As shown below, calculate the work done by the gas in the quasi-static processes represented by the paths (a) AB; (b) ADB; (c) ACB; and (d) ADCB. `arrow_forwardA dilute gas expands quasi-statically to three times its initial volume. Is the final gas pressure greater for an isothermal or an adiabatic expansion? Does your answer depend on whether the gas is monatomic, diatomic, or polyatomic?arrow_forwardAn ideal gas with specific heat ratio confined to a cylinder is put through a closed cycle. Initially, the gas is at Pi, Vi, and Ti. First, its pressure is tripled under constant volume. It then expands adiabatically to its original pressure and finally is compressed isobarically to its original volume. (a) Draw a PV diagram of this cycle. (b) Determine the volume at the end of the adiabatic expansion. Find (c) the temperature of the gas at the start of the adiabatic expansion and (d) the temperature at the end of the cycle. (e) What was the net work done on the gas for this cycle?arrow_forward
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