Chapter 2.2, Problem 2.10P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of protons, the number of electrons and the name of an element with atomic number 2 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Protons:

A proton is one of three main particles that make up the atom.  Protons are a tiny, dense region at the center of the atom.  Protons have a positive electrical charge of $+1$ and a mass of 1 atomic mass which is $\text{1}{\text{.62×10}}^{\text{-27}}$ kilograms.

Electrons:

Electrons have an electric charge of $\text{-1}$, which is equal but opposite to the charge of a proton, which have an electric charge of $\text{+1}\text{.}$  All atoms have the same number of electrons as protons, so the positive and negative charges cancel out making atoms electrically neutral.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of protons, the number of electrons and the name of an element with atomic number 11 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of protons, the number of electrons and the name of an element with atomic number 20 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of protons, the number of electrons and the name of an element with atomic number 47 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of protons, the number of electrons and the name of an element with atomic number 78 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).