Chapter 22, Problem 16PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name and structures of the aldopentoses are to be represented.

Concept Introduction:

▸ The Kiliani-Fischer reaction is used for producing epimers of higher aldoses from a lower aldose, that is, a single aldose having a lesser number of carbon atoms produces a mixture consisting of two epimeric aldoses with higher number of carbon atoms.

▸ Stereochemistry of sugar compounds: A carbon atom that has four variable groups attached to it is said to be a stereogenic or chirality center of that atom. A stereocenter is that point in a molecule, where any two groups exchange their places to form stereoisomers. Moreover, the pair of diasteromers that show different configuration at the chirality center are called epimers.

▸ The Fischer projection is a way of representing biomolecules with cross formulation of the open chain structures of aldoses such as $\text{D}-\text{Glucose}$.