Chapter 21.7, Problem 15P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The monosaccharides that are formed in a modified Kiliani-Fischer synthesis starting with $\text{D}-\text{xylose}$ are to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Monosaccharides are made from the biomolecules that comprise carbon, oxygen and hydrogen atoms.  These molecules cannot be broken into the simpler compounds.  The disaccharides and polysaccharides further formed from monosaccharide units.  The numbers of isomers are obtained from biomolecules due to the chiral nature of carbon atoms.  Chiral molecules are those molecules that consist of different groups or atoms around the central atom.  Isomers are those compounds that have a same molecular formula but a different arrangement of atoms, groups or substituent's in a compound.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The monosaccharides that are formed in a modified Kiliani-Fischer synthesis starting with $\text{L}-\text{threose}$ are to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Monosaccharides are made from the biomolecules that comprise carbon, oxygen and hydrogen atoms.  These molecules cannot be broken into the simpler compounds.  The disaccharides and polysaccharides further formed from monosaccharide units.  The numbers of isomers are obtained from biomolecules due to the chiral nature of carbon atoms.  Chiral molecules are those molecules that consist of different groups or atoms around the central atom.  Isomers are those compounds that have a same molecular formula but a different arrangement of atoms, groups or substituent's in a compound.