The pathology of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), including the structure of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); its mode of action; its effect on helper T-cell count; the diseases to which AIDS makes a person more susceptible; how HIV is not transmitted; and treatment approaches to AIDS. Introduction: On some conditions, the immune system fails to distinguish between the self-antigen and foreign antigen (a condition called self-tolerance) and attack the body’s own tissues by producing autoantibodies. This autoantibody is also known as self-reactive antibodies. This self-reactive antibody attacks the body’s own tissues, which leads to an autoimmune disease. The basic cause of immunodeficiency diseases is the failure of the immune system to react (respond) strongly. Examples of immunodeficiency disease are severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 21.6, Problem 5AYLO

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The pathology of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), including the structure of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); its mode of action; its effect on helper T-cell count; the diseases to which AIDS makes a person more susceptible; how HIV is not transmitted; and treatment approaches to AIDS.

Introduction:

On some conditions, the immune system fails to distinguish between the self-antigen and foreign antigen (a condition called self-tolerance) and attack the body’s own tissues by producing autoantibodies. This autoantibody is also known as self-reactive antibodies. This self-reactive antibody attacks the body’s own tissues, which leads to an autoimmune disease. The basic cause of immunodeficiency diseases is the failure of the immune system to react (respond) strongly. Examples of immunodeficiency disease are severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

3. Shown below is the dental formula and digestive tract anatomy of three mammalian species (A, B, and C). What kind of diet would you expect each species to have? Support your answers with what you can infer from the dental formula and what you can see in the diagram. Broadly speaking, what accounts for the differences? Species A 3/3, 1/1, 4/4, 3/3 པར『ན་ cm 30 Species B 4/3, 1/1, 2/2, 4/4 cm 10 Species C 0/4, 0/0,3/3, 3/3 020

3. Shown below is the dental formula and digestive tract anatomy of three mammalian species (A, B, and C). What kind of diet would you expect each species to have? Support your answers with what you can infer from the dental formula and what you can see in the diagram. Broadly speaking, what accounts for the differences? Species A 3/3, 1/1, 4/4, 3/3 cm 30 Species B 0/4, 0/0, 3/3, 3/3 cm 10 Species C 4/3, 1/1, 2/2, 4/4 E 0 cm 20 AIL

Normal dive (for diving humans) normal breathing dive normal breathing Oz level CO₂ level urgent need to breathe Oz blackout zone high CO₂ triggers breathing 6. This diagram shows rates of oxygen depletion and carbon dioxide accumulation in the blood in relation to the levels needed to maintain consciousness and trigger the urgent need to breathe in diving humans. • How might the location and slope of the O2 line differ for diving marine mammals such as whales and dolphins? • How might the location and slope of the CO2 line differ for diving marine mammals such as whales and dolphins? • • Draw in predicted lines for O2 and CO2, based on your reasoning above. How might the location of the Urgent Need to Breathe line and the O2 Blackout Zone line differ for diving marine mammals? What physiological mechanisms account for each of these differences, resulting in the ability of marine mammals to stay submerged for long periods of time?