Campbell Biology in Focus
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134710679
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Rebecca Orr
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 21.3, Problem 2CC
Distinguish genetic drift from gene flow in terms of (a) how they occur and (b) their implications for future
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Natural selection predicts that two species that came from a common ancestor should have high degree of correlation in their genomes. what aspect (use) of correlation am I using when apply it for this purpose?
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I believe that the correct answer is:
p^2+2pq+q^2=1
I just want to make sure that I am understanding the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium correctly.
Chapter 21 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus
Ch. 21.1 - Explain why genetic variation within a population...Ch. 21.1 - Of all the mutations that occur in a population,...Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 21.2 - A population has 700 individuals, 85 of genotype...Ch. 21.2 - The frequency of allele a is 0.45 for a population...Ch. 21.2 - WHAT IF? A locus that affects susceptibility to a...Ch. 21.3 - In what sense is natural selection more...Ch. 21.3 - Distinguish genetic drift from gene flow in terms...Ch. 21.3 - WHAT IF? Suppose two plant populations exchange...Ch. 21.4 - What is the relative fitness of a sterile mule?...
Ch. 21.4 - Explain why natural selection is the only...Ch. 21.4 - Consider a population in which heterozygotes at a...Ch. 21 - Natural selection changes allele frequencies...Ch. 21 - Sparrows With average-sized w1ngs survive severe...Ch. 21 - If the nucleotide variability of a locus equals...Ch. 21 - There are 25 individuals in population 1, all with...Ch. 21 - A fruit fly population has a gene with two...Ch. 21 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION Using at least TWO examples,...Ch. 21 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 21 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE This kettle lake formed...
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- Discuss the significance of the HardyWeinberg principle as it relates to evolution and list the five conditions required for genetic equilibrium.arrow_forwardThe use of nucleotide sequence data to measure genetic variabilityis complicated by the fact that the genes of many eukaryotesare complex in organization and contain 5' and 3' flankingregions as well as introns. Researchers have compared thenucleotide sequence of two cloned alleles of the y-globin gene from asingle individual and found a variation of 1 percent. Those differencesinclude 13 substitutions of one nucleotide for anotherand three short DNA segments that have been inserted in oneallele or deleted in the other. None of the changes takes placein the gene’s exons (coding regions). Why do you think this isso, and should it change our concept of genetic variation?arrow_forward. (07.07 HC) Darwin explored the Galapagos Islands and observed variations of certain species. For example, he saw that the mockingbirds on three different islands were distinct but still similar to the mockingbirds found on the mainland. The level of diversity in an ecosystem can be determined by the frequency of speciation and extinction. (8 points) a. Describe speciation and identify two possible prezygotic barriers of the mockingbirds that contribute to speciation. b. If the mockingbirds became extinct, explain how this could lead to adaptive radiation.arrow_forward
- Three basic predictions underlie genetic drift in populations: (1) As long as the population size is finite,some level of genetic drift will occur; thus, withoutnew mutations, all variation will drift either to fixationor to loss. (2) Drift happens faster in small populationsthan in large populations. (3) The probability that anallele is fixed (goes to a frequency of 1.0) is equal toits initial frequency (p) in the population, while itsprobability of loss from the population due to drift isequal to 1 − p. Given these three predictions:a. What is the allele frequency of a new autosomalmutation immediately after it occurs in a diploidpopulation of size N = 100,000?b. What is the allele frequency of a new autosomalmutation immediately after it occurs in a diploidpopulation of size N = 10?c. In which population does the new mutation have ahigher probability of going to fixation by chancewith genetic drift?arrow_forwardThe evolution of a qualitative trait in reponse to natural selection is described by the following equation, R=h2 S a) What is S and what does it measure? b) Describe a study that woukd allow you to estimate S in a real population.arrow_forwardPlease fill in the blank ———- mutations are the most common...arrow_forward
- Genetic equilibrium means that ... O the distribution of alleles is not changing from generation to generation The distribution of alleles is changing from generation to generation O the gene pool is not affected by a catastrophic event O the gene pools is not affected by selective agentsarrow_forward1. What is the expected time to fixation in generations for a new mutation in a diploid population (like humans) with an effective population size of 50? This new mutation is neutral and has no impact on fitness (e.g. synonymous polymorphism). Assuming the mutation isn’t lost immediately, will it reach fixation faster in a population of Ne=500 or Ne=5,000 and why?arrow_forwardExplain the neutral theory of molecular evolution (20%) and how you use it as a null hypothesis to detect positive selection in protein coding genes (20%)arrow_forward
- Scientific studies have shown that the majority of human genetic differences worldwide exist within groups (or races) rather than between groups. True or false?arrow_forwardWhat historical, social, religious, cultural, and economic factors promote genetic drift in humans? Can you think of some specific human groups in which genetic drift is likely to have occurred?arrow_forward1. What could be the possible roles of genetic drift in human evolution? Discuss it and show possible evidences for each role. Do not just copy it from somewhere, please.arrow_forward
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