The given compounds have to be compared with CFCs and HFCs. Concept Introduction: Ozone depletion can be caused by chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) compounds which were used as refrigerant. These harmful compounds were later replaced by hydro fluorocarbon (HFC) compounds which does not contain chlorine. The use of HFCs instead of CFCs reduced the rate of destruction of ozone layer.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 2.13, Problem 2.30CT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given compounds have to be compared with CFCs and HFCs.

Concept Introduction:

Ozone depletion can be caused by chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) compounds which were used as refrigerant. These harmful compounds were later replaced by hydro fluorocarbon (HFC) compounds which does not contain chlorine. The use of HFCs instead of CFCs reduced the rate of destruction of ozone layer.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Lewis structure for HFC−134a has to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Lewis structures or Lewis dot representations are diagrams that illustrate the arrangement of valance electron around each atom in a molecule. It shows the bonding between atoms and also the lone pair of electron present in the molecule. Covalent and coordinate bonds can be represented using this method. The arrangement of electron around the central atom is based on the octet rule. That is, the valence electrons are arranged around the central atom in such a way that it gets eight electrons.

Octet rule: This rule states that every atom has a tendency to gain eight electrons in their valance shell in order to complete octet. If eight electrons are present in the valence shell atom will attain noble gas configuration and thus becomes stable.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 2.13, Problem 2.30CT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given compounds have to be compared with CFCs and HFCs.

Concept Introduction:

Ozone depletion can be caused by chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) compounds which were used as refrigerant. These harmful compounds were later replaced by hydro fluorocarbon (HFC) compounds which does not contain chlorine. The use of HFCs instead of CFCs reduced the rate of destruction of ozone layer.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Lewis structure for HFC−134a has to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Lewis structures or Lewis dot representations are diagrams that illustrate the arrangement of valance electron around each atom in a molecule. It shows the bonding between atoms and also the lone pair of electron present in the molecule. Covalent and coordinate bonds can be represented using this method. The arrangement of electron around the central atom is based on the octet rule. That is, the valence electrons are arranged around the central atom in such a way that it gets eight electrons.

Octet rule: This rule states that every atom has a tendency to gain eight electrons in their valance shell in order to complete octet. If eight electrons are present in the valence shell atom will attain noble gas configuration and thus becomes stable.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 2.13, Problem 2.30CT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given compounds have to be compared with CFCs and HFCs.

Concept Introduction:

Ozone depletion can be caused by chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) compounds which were used as refrigerant. These harmful compounds were later replaced by hydro fluorocarbon (HFC) compounds which does not contain chlorine. The use of HFCs instead of CFCs reduced the rate of destruction of ozone layer.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Lewis structure for HFC−134a has to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Lewis structures or Lewis dot representations are diagrams that illustrate the arrangement of valance electron around each atom in a molecule. It shows the bonding between atoms and also the lone pair of electron present in the molecule. Covalent and coordinate bonds can be represented using this method. The arrangement of electron around the central atom is based on the octet rule. That is, the valence electrons are arranged around the central atom in such a way that it gets eight electrons.

Octet rule: This rule states that every atom has a tendency to gain eight electrons in their valance shell in order to complete octet. If eight electrons are present in the valence shell atom will attain noble gas configuration and thus becomes stable.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 2.13, Problem 2.30CT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given compounds have to be compared with CFCs and HFCs.

Concept Introduction:

Ozone depletion can be caused by chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) compounds which were used as refrigerant. These harmful compounds were later replaced by hydro fluorocarbon (HFC) compounds which does not contain chlorine. The use of HFCs instead of CFCs reduced the rate of destruction of ozone layer.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Lewis structure for HFC−134a has to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Lewis structures or Lewis dot representations are diagrams that illustrate the arrangement of valance electron around each atom in a molecule. It shows the bonding between atoms and also the lone pair of electron present in the molecule. Covalent and coordinate bonds can be represented using this method. The arrangement of electron around the central atom is based on the octet rule. That is, the valence electrons are arranged around the central atom in such a way that it gets eight electrons.

Octet rule: This rule states that every atom has a tendency to gain eight electrons in their valance shell in order to complete octet. If eight electrons are present in the valence shell atom will attain noble gas configuration and thus becomes stable.

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Answer 5

Chapter 2.13, Problem 2.30CT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given compounds have to be compared with CFCs and HFCs.

Concept Introduction:

Ozone depletion can be caused by chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) compounds which were used as refrigerant. These harmful compounds were later replaced by hydro fluorocarbon (HFC) compounds which does not contain chlorine. The use of HFCs instead of CFCs reduced the rate of destruction of ozone layer.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Lewis structure for HFC−134a has to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Lewis structures or Lewis dot representations are diagrams that illustrate the arrangement of valance electron around each atom in a molecule. It shows the bonding between atoms and also the lone pair of electron present in the molecule. Covalent and coordinate bonds can be represented using this method. The arrangement of electron around the central atom is based on the octet rule. That is, the valence electrons are arranged around the central atom in such a way that it gets eight electrons.

Octet rule: This rule states that every atom has a tendency to gain eight electrons in their valance shell in order to complete octet. If eight electrons are present in the valence shell atom will attain noble gas configuration and thus becomes stable.

Answer 6

Chapter 2.13, Problem 2.30CT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given compounds have to be compared with CFCs and HFCs.

Concept Introduction:

Ozone depletion can be caused by chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) compounds which were used as refrigerant. These harmful compounds were later replaced by hydro fluorocarbon (HFC) compounds which does not contain chlorine. The use of HFCs instead of CFCs reduced the rate of destruction of ozone layer.

Answer 7

Chapter 2.13, Problem 2.30CT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given compounds have to be compared with CFCs and HFCs.

Concept Introduction:

Ozone depletion can be caused by chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) compounds which were used as refrigerant. These harmful compounds were later replaced by hydro fluorocarbon (HFC) compounds which does not contain chlorine. The use of HFCs instead of CFCs reduced the rate of destruction of ozone layer.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Lewis structure for HFC−134a has to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Lewis structures or Lewis dot representations are diagrams that illustrate the arrangement of valance electron around each atom in a molecule. It shows the bonding between atoms and also the lone pair of electron present in the molecule. Covalent and coordinate bonds can be represented using this method. The arrangement of electron around the central atom is based on the octet rule. That is, the valence electrons are arranged around the central atom in such a way that it gets eight electrons.

Octet rule: This rule states that every atom has a tendency to gain eight electrons in their valance shell in order to complete octet. If eight electrons are present in the valence shell atom will attain noble gas configuration and thus becomes stable.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Lewis structure for HFC−134a has to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Lewis structures or Lewis dot representations are diagrams that illustrate the arrangement of valance electron around each atom in a molecule. It shows the bonding between atoms and also the lone pair of electron present in the molecule. Covalent and coordinate bonds can be represented using this method. The arrangement of electron around the central atom is based on the octet rule. That is, the valence electrons are arranged around the central atom in such a way that it gets eight electrons.

Octet rule: This rule states that every atom has a tendency to gain eight electrons in their valance shell in order to complete octet. If eight electrons are present in the valence shell atom will attain noble gas configuration and thus becomes stable.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 2.3CT Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 2.15CT Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 2.17CT Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 2.19SC Ch. 2.7 - The indoor tanning industry runs a public...Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 2.21CT Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.22CT Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.23YT Ch. 2.11 - Prob. 2.27CT Ch. 2.13 - Prob. 2.30CT

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