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scientific inquiry The scientists mapping the SNPs In the human genome noticed that groups of SNPS tended to be inherited together, in blocks known as haplotypes, ranging in length from 5.000 to 200.000 base pairs There are as few as four or five commonly occurring combinations of SNPS per haplotype. Integrating what you'vc Iearncd throughout this chaptcr and this unit, propose an explanation for this Observation.
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- molecular geneticsarrow_forwardRead This! Extensive research has been done to find similarities and differences in the DNA sequences of different an- imals. This work is very difficult and time consuming, but it can help biologists determine the evolution- ary ancestry of a species. For example, when investigating the human genome, biologists found that about 99.5% of the DNA sequences among humans are the same. Considering the wide variety of traits in the human population, we are a lot more similar than we are different. Humans share approximately 96% of their DNA sequences with chimpanzees, 85% with mice, and 75% with chickens. 16. Study the table below. Organism Pair Percentage of DNA Similarity A-B 97 A-C 85 A-D 50 a. To which organism, B, C or D, is organism A most closely related? Support your answer. b. Which pair of organisms in the table is least closely related? Support your answer. c. Which pair of organisms most likely shares a recent common ancestor? Support your answer. 4 POGIL™ Activities for High…arrow_forwardA scientilic field that deals with the computational manogement and analysis of bialogical data to provide visual representations of the properties and evolution of genes the genomes, the proteins, and the metabolic pothways in cells. | Locks for a predelined string of characters in plant sequences. Bloinformatics tool used for multiple sequence olignments. sa multidisciplinary reseorch group that serves as a resource far molecular biology information. You con answer using the abbreviation. The primary databose retrieval system at NCB A simple text format that is commonly used by many bioinformatics software. A nucleic acid sequence databose that contains sequence information. An online tool that pertormas pairwise comparisons of query sequences with available sequences across all databases in the National Center for Blotechnology Information NCBI BLAST Bioinformatics Genex FASTA Centonk Chlorol Entrez Clustolw NNPREDICTarrow_forward
- Neanderthal Hair Color The MCIR gene regulates pigmentation in humans (Sections 14.1 and 15.l revisited), .so loss-of-function mutations in this gene affect hair and .skin color. A person with two mutated alleles for this gene makes more of the reddish melanin than the brownish melanin, resulting in red hair and pa le skin. DNA extracted from two Neanderthal fossils contains a mutated MC1R allele that has not yet been found in humans, To see how the. Neanderthal mutation affects the function of the MC1R gene, Carles Lalueza-Fox and her team introduced the allele into cultured monkey cells (FIGURE 26.1 6). FIGURE 26.16 MC1R activity in monkey cells transgenic for an unmutated MClR gene, the Neanderthal MC1R allele or the gene for green fluorescent protein (GFP). GFP is- not related to MC1R. 2. What does this imply about the mutations effect on Neanderthal hair color?arrow_forwardNeanderthal Hair Color The MCIR gene regulates pigmentation in humans (Sections 14.1 and 15.l revisited), .so loss-of-function mutations in this gene affect hair and .skin color. A person with two mutated alleles for this gene makes more of the reddish melanin than the brownish melanin, resulting in red hair and pa le skin. DNA extracted from two Neanderthal fossils contains a mutated MC1R allele that has not yet been found in humans, To see how the. Neanderthal mutation affects the function of the MC1R gene, Carles Lalueza-Fox and her team introduced the allele into cultured monkey cells (FIGURE 26.1 6). FIGURE 26.16 MC1R activity in monkey cells transgenic for an unmutated MClR gene, the Neanderthal MC1R allele or the gene for green fluorescent protein (GFP). GFP is- not related to MC1R. What purpose do the cells with the gene for green fluorescent protein serve in this experiment?arrow_forwardIf a person os homozygous for the presence of an ALU repeat in the PV92 region you would expect the size of the DNA fragment to be compared to those whith no ALUrepeatsarrow_forward
- planet Reen in a distant solar system. They only have one chromosome with eight genes on it that determines the organism's appearance. Your job is to transcribe and translate the DNA and determine what traits the organism has and In this simulation, you will examine the DNA sequence of a fictitious organism. These organisms were discovered on the TAC CAT AGA TTT ATT TAC CAA GGA TGA GGT TTC ATC TÁC GAA GAG GAG GGG ATT TAC CAA CGC CGA ATT TÁC GTA GTG ATC TAC CAT AAA ATA ACT TAC TTA TAA GAA GAC GGG TGT ACT TAC TTA Protein Synthesis then sketch the organism TTA TTA CGT ATT TAC AAG AGC GTG ATT TAC TCC TCT TTA TGT ATT Amino Acid Sequence Genes Description Short and spiky hair Met - val - ser - leu Gene 1- body covering Met - val - ser - lys Long and curly hairy Met - tyr - pro - glu - pro - lys Gene 2 - body shape Met- val - pro - thr - pro - lys Round body Met - leu - leu - leu - pro Square body Gene 3 - # of legs Met - leu - leu - ser - ala 4 legged 2 legged Met-ala - val - val round head…arrow_forward. In 2015, an international team of scientists assembledthe complete genome sequences of two differentwoolly mammoths. Both specimens were discoveredburied in the permafrost of Siberia, the coldest inhabited place on earth. Through radiocarbon dating, itwas determined that one of the mammoths, found onWrangel Island off the Siberian coast, died about4000 years ago; the other mammoth, found in thetown of Oimyakon, died about 45,000 years ago.Analysis revealed that the genome sequences ofthese two animals differed significantly in the distribution of base pairs at which they are either homozygous or heterozygous. The Wrangel Island woollymammoth had an extreme excess of runs of homozygosity (ROHs), regions in which the animal was homozygous for all of the base pairs. About 23.4% ofthe Wrangel Island animal’s genome was composed ofROHs that were greater than 500 kb in length; someof these ROHs were in excess of 5 Mb long. In contrast, only 0.83% of the Oimyakon animal’s genomeconsisted of…arrow_forwardplease help asap! thanksarrow_forward
- Please ASAP. Thank youarrow_forward. While perusing the E. coli K12 genome sequence,you come across a gene with no known function. Theamino acid sequence of the gene’s protein productshows weak similarities with known porins, proteinsthat cross a cellular membrane to let molecules suchas amino acid or sugar nutrients (or drugs like penicillin) pass through. Some porins are nonspecific and letany solute up to a certain size transit into the cell.Other porins are specific and allow the transit ofcertain sugars but not others. What genetic experiments could you do to try to determine whether thisnew gene has a specific function in allowing bacterialcells to scavenge the sugar maltose from the environment? Describe scenarios that might complicate yourexperimental approach.arrow_forwardAccardng to ledture, which discoveries have forced us to redefine the central dogma of biology (ie create a new paradigm)? Choose the most complete answer. Oeptas and gere interactions, and quantitative loc Question 12 Oalis of the cauRs of incomplete dominance and incomplete penetrance O tomata splang and untranslated RNAS Oe lad hat % of the human genome is composed of repetive elements, and the discovery of telomerase activity AMoirg to the net qAon prevents chaIarrow_forward
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