Concept explainers
Devise a synthesis of valproic acid
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Chapter 21 Solutions
Organic Chemistry (6th Edition)
- Thioglycolic acid, HSCH2CO2H, a substance used in depilatory agents (hair removers) has pKa = 3.42. What is the percent dissociation of thioglycolic acid in a buffer solution at pH = 3.0?arrow_forwardThe key step in a reported laboratory synthesis of sativene, a hydrocarbon isolated from the mold Helminthosporium sativum, involves the following base treatment of a keto tosylate. What kind of reaction is occurring? How would you complete the synthesis?arrow_forwardThe following pKa values have been measured. Explain why a hydroxyl group in the para position decreases the acidity while a hydroxyl group in the meta position increases the acidity.arrow_forward
- Nonearrow_forwardAcetals are formed from the reaction of two alcohols with a carbonyl under acidic conditions. Acetal formation is faster with 1,2-ethanediol than with two methanol molecules. Choose the factor that explains the difference in reaction rates. A) The reaction with 1,2-ethanediol has a lower AH (enthalpy) of reaction. B) The reaction with 1,2-ethanediol has a higher AH (enthalpy) of reaction. C) The reaction with 1,2-ethanediol has a more favorable entropy of reaction.arrow_forwardDraw a stepwise mechanism for the following reaction.arrow_forward
- What is the structure of the product formed when A is heated in the presence of maleic acid? Explain why only one product is formed even though A has four double bonds. HOOC COOH A maleic acidarrow_forwardWhat product is formed when a solution of A to B is treated with mild base? This reaction is the first step in the synthesis of rosuvastatin (sold as a calcium salt under the trade name Crestor), a drug used to treat patients with high cholesterol.arrow_forwardWhat product is formed when a solution of A and B is treated with mild base? This reaction is the rst step in the synthesis of rosuvastatin (sold as a calcium salt under the trade name Crestor), a drug used to treat patients with high cholesterol.arrow_forward
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