How much energy does it take to raise the temperature of 1.0 mol H2O(g) from 100 °C to 200 °C at constant volume? Consider only translational and rotational contributions to the heat capacity. Hint: Use high-temp limit for non-linear molecule when calculating rotational contribution.
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How much energy does it take to raise the temperature of 1.0 mol
H2O(g) from 100 °C to 200 °C at constant volume? Consider only translational
and rotational contributions to the heat capacity. Hint: Use high-temp limit for non-linear molecule when calculating rotational contribution.
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- Prove that the adiabatic free expansion of an ideal gas is spontaneous.What are the numerical values of the heat capacities c-v and c-p of a monatomic ideal gas,in units of cal/mol.K and L.atm/mol.K?Vibrational contributions to internal energy and heat capacity1) are temperature independent2) are temperature dependent
- A linear molecule may rotate about two axes. If the molecule consists of N atoms, then there are 3N- 5 vibrational modes. Use the equipartition theorem to estimate the total contribution to the molar internal energy from translation, vibration, and rotation for (a) carbon dioxide, CO2, and (b) dibromoethyne, C2Br2, at 2000 K. In contrast, a nonlinear molecule may rotate about three axes and has 3N- 6 vibrational modes. Estimate the total contribution to the molar in ternal energy from translation, vibration, and rotation for (c) nitrogen dioxide, NO2, and (d) tetrabromoethene, C2Br4,at 2000 K. In each case, first assume that all vibrations are active; then assume that none is.The internal energy of a system A None of these В is the sum of the rotational, vibrational, and translational energies of all of its components refers only to the energies of the nuclei of the atoms of the component molecules D is the sum of the kinetic energy of all of its components E) is the sum of the potential and kinetic energies of the componentsHow much energy does it take to raise the temperature of 1.0 mol H2O(g) from 100 °C to 200 °C at constant volume? Consider only translational and rotational contributions to the heat capacity.
- Calculate the value of Cp at 298K and 1 atm pressure predicted for CH4(g) and C2H4(g) by the classical equipartition theorem. Compare the predicted results with the experimental results (see OGB Appendix D) and calculate the percent of the measured value that arises from vibrational degrees of freedom.A certain molecule can exist in either a nondegenerate singlet state or a triplet state (with degeneracy of 3). The energy of the triplet exceeds that of the singlet by ε. When ?=??(where T is a set value, i.e., ? is a constant), calculate the values of the molecular partition function, molar heat capacity, and molar entropy. Assume the molecules are distinguishable and independentNitesh
- We discussed in class (several times) how the Boltzmann distribution can be used to relate the relative populations of two states differing in energy by AU. Suppose you are given a vial containing a solution of glucose in water (don't ask why this would happen). For the purpose of this question, glucose exists in one of two conformations-"chair" or "boat"-with an energy difference (AU) of 25.11 kJ mol1 between them. 1. What would be the proportion of molecules in the "boat" conformation at 310K? 2. Thinking back to our discussion of the individual sources of energy that go into the potential energy calculation for a molecule (e.g. Upond Uangle, Uelectrostatic. etc), give a plausible explanation of why the "boat" conformation is less stable. H он "Chair" OH "Вoat" но но но- HO. H. HO. HO H. HO. OHWhich of (i) volume, (ii) heat, (iii) internal energy, (iv) density are state functions?1. Consider water (H₂O) at high temperature. [Give some reasoning, not just values.] a. b. C. d. Determine ftrans the number of translational degrees of freedom. Determine frot the number of rotational degrees of freedom. Determine fib the number of vibrational degrees of freedom. Determine Cy the heat capacity of water at constant number and volume.