Chapter 21, Problem 41E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of $\text{cis-3-heptene}$ and $\text{trans-3-heptene}$ is to be drawn. The structural difference is to be determined also.

Concept introduction:

The structural formula of a compound represents the molecular structure along with the atom connectivity and bonding arrangement. An alkene is a molecule contains a double bond between two carbons atoms whereas alkynes are the hydrocarbons contain a triple bond. Alkenes general formula is ${\text{C}}_n{\text{H}}_{2n}$ and alkynes general formula is ${\text{C}}_n{\text{H}}_{2n-2}$. Due to the presence of a double bond, the rotation about adjacent carbon-carbon atoms is highly restricted. Hence, alkenes can exist in two forms which have the similar molecular formula but a different type of arrangement of atoms around the double bond. This isomerism is a type of stereoisomerism which is known as geometric isomerism or cis-trans isomerism, for example, 1, 2-dichloroethane can show the geometrical isomerism,