Chapter 21, Problem 3CTQ

Summary Introduction

To explain:

The process of antigenic shift in the evolution of the $\text{H1N1}$ swine flu pandemic strain of influenza virus seen in $2009$.

Introduction:

Influenza virus is of three types namely A, B, and C. They belong to the family Orthomyxoviridae. They have a diameter of $\text{80-120nm}$ (nanometer). There are various lipoproteins present on the surface of this virus-like hemagglutinin and neuraminidase. Virus binds to the cell surface receptor and mucus lining coat of the respiratory tract is dissolved leading to penetration of these virus particles inside the cells.