Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation
The following surfactant should be identified as anionic, cationic, non-ionic, or amphoteric:
Concept Introduction
Surfactant are organic molecules which are amphiphilic in nature means they contain both hydrophobic (tails) groups as well as hydrophilic groups (head). In aqueous solution the head groups remain in solution whereas the tails may extent out of the aqueous phase.
Based on the nature of the head group, surfactants are classified in four categories. When the head groups have no charge, it’s called non-ionic surfactant. If the head group has net positive charge (cationic
(b)
Interpretation
The following surfactant should be identified as anionic, cationic, non-ionic, or amphoteric:
Concept Introduction
Surfactant are organic molecules which are amphiphilic in nature means they contain both hydrophobic (tails) groups as well as hydrophilic groups (head). In aqueous solution the head groups remain in solution whereas the tails may extent out of the aqueous phase.
Based on the nature of the head group, surfactants are classified in four categories. When the head groups have no charge, it’s called non-ionic surfactant. If the head group has net positive charge (cationic functional groups like quaternary ammonium salts: ammonium bromide, ammonium chloride etc.), then it is called cationic surfactant, and when the head group has net negative charge (anionic functional groups like sulfate, phosphate, sulfonate, carboxylate etc.) then it is called anionic surfactants. Amphoteric surfactant refers to a surfactant simultaneously carrying both anionic and cationic hydrophilic group.
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Chapter 21 Solutions
Chemistry For Changing Times (14th Edition)
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