The given reaction should be identified that whether it is exergonic or endergonic and also that at equilibrium which side proceeds farthest toward products. Concept Introduction: Exergonic: The reaction is considered as exergonic if energy released since the reactants loses its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction. Endergonic: The reaction is considered as endergonic if it needs more energy means that activation energy is much higher making the reaction non spontaneous. Favorable Reaction: They release free energy which in turn used to do work. The products will have lower energy than reactants of the reaction shows that stable products are obtained hence the value of ΔG will be negative. The tendency for reaction proceed toward product side before reaching equilibrium will increases as more amount of free energy released.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 21.32AP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be identified that whether it is exergonic or endergonic and also that at equilibrium which side proceeds farthest toward products.

Concept Introduction:

Exergonic: The reaction is considered as exergonic if energy released since the reactants loses its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction.

Endergonic: The reaction is considered as endergonic if it needs more energy means that activation energy is much higher making the reaction non spontaneous.

Favorable Reaction: They release free energy which in turn used to do work. The products will have lower energy than reactants of the reaction shows that stable products are obtained hence the value of ΔG will be negative.

The tendency for reaction proceed toward product side before reaching equilibrium will increases as more amount of free energy released.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be identified that whether it is exergonic or endergonic and also that at equilibrium which side proceeds farthest toward products.

Concept Introduction:

Exergonic: The reaction is considered as exergonic if energy released since the reactants loses its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction.

Endergonic: The reaction is considered as endergonic if it needs more energy means that activation energy is much higher making the reaction non spontaneous.

Favorable Reaction: They release free energy which in turn used to do work. The products will have lower energy than reactants of the reaction shows that stable products are obtained hence the value of ΔG will be negative.

The tendency for reaction proceed toward product side before reaching equilibrium will increases as more amount of free energy released.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be identified that whether it is exergonic or endergonic and also that at equilibrium which side proceeds farthest toward products.

Concept Introduction:

Exergonic: The reaction is considered as exergonic if energy released since the reactants loses its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction.

Endergonic: The reaction is considered as endergonic if it needs more energy means that activation energy is much higher making the reaction non spontaneous.

Favorable Reaction: They release free energy which in turn used to do work. The products will have lower energy than reactants of the reaction shows that stable products are obtained hence the value of ΔG will be negative.

The tendency for reaction proceed toward product side before reaching equilibrium will increases as more amount of free energy released.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 21.32AP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be identified that whether it is exergonic or endergonic and also that at equilibrium which side proceeds farthest toward products.

Concept Introduction:

Exergonic: The reaction is considered as exergonic if energy released since the reactants loses its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction.

Endergonic: The reaction is considered as endergonic if it needs more energy means that activation energy is much higher making the reaction non spontaneous.

Favorable Reaction: They release free energy which in turn used to do work. The products will have lower energy than reactants of the reaction shows that stable products are obtained hence the value of ΔG will be negative.

The tendency for reaction proceed toward product side before reaching equilibrium will increases as more amount of free energy released.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be identified that whether it is exergonic or endergonic and also that at equilibrium which side proceeds farthest toward products.

Concept Introduction:

Exergonic: The reaction is considered as exergonic if energy released since the reactants loses its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction.

Endergonic: The reaction is considered as endergonic if it needs more energy means that activation energy is much higher making the reaction non spontaneous.

Favorable Reaction: They release free energy which in turn used to do work. The products will have lower energy than reactants of the reaction shows that stable products are obtained hence the value of ΔG will be negative.

The tendency for reaction proceed toward product side before reaching equilibrium will increases as more amount of free energy released.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be identified that whether it is exergonic or endergonic and also that at equilibrium which side proceeds farthest toward products.

Concept Introduction:

Exergonic: The reaction is considered as exergonic if energy released since the reactants loses its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction.

Endergonic: The reaction is considered as endergonic if it needs more energy means that activation energy is much higher making the reaction non spontaneous.

Favorable Reaction: They release free energy which in turn used to do work. The products will have lower energy than reactants of the reaction shows that stable products are obtained hence the value of ΔG will be negative.

The tendency for reaction proceed toward product side before reaching equilibrium will increases as more amount of free energy released.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 21.32AP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be identified that whether it is exergonic or endergonic and also that at equilibrium which side proceeds farthest toward products.

Concept Introduction:

Exergonic: The reaction is considered as exergonic if energy released since the reactants loses its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction.

Endergonic: The reaction is considered as endergonic if it needs more energy means that activation energy is much higher making the reaction non spontaneous.

Favorable Reaction: They release free energy which in turn used to do work. The products will have lower energy than reactants of the reaction shows that stable products are obtained hence the value of ΔG will be negative.

The tendency for reaction proceed toward product side before reaching equilibrium will increases as more amount of free energy released.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be identified that whether it is exergonic or endergonic and also that at equilibrium which side proceeds farthest toward products.

Concept Introduction:

Exergonic: The reaction is considered as exergonic if energy released since the reactants loses its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction.

Endergonic: The reaction is considered as endergonic if it needs more energy means that activation energy is much higher making the reaction non spontaneous.

Favorable Reaction: They release free energy which in turn used to do work. The products will have lower energy than reactants of the reaction shows that stable products are obtained hence the value of ΔG will be negative.

The tendency for reaction proceed toward product side before reaching equilibrium will increases as more amount of free energy released.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be identified that whether it is exergonic or endergonic and also that at equilibrium which side proceeds farthest toward products.

Concept Introduction:

Exergonic: The reaction is considered as exergonic if energy released since the reactants loses its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction.

Endergonic: The reaction is considered as endergonic if it needs more energy means that activation energy is much higher making the reaction non spontaneous.

Favorable Reaction: They release free energy which in turn used to do work. The products will have lower energy than reactants of the reaction shows that stable products are obtained hence the value of ΔG will be negative.

The tendency for reaction proceed toward product side before reaching equilibrium will increases as more amount of free energy released.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 21.32AP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be identified that whether it is exergonic or endergonic and also that at equilibrium which side proceeds farthest toward products.

Concept Introduction:

Exergonic: The reaction is considered as exergonic if energy released since the reactants loses its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction.

Endergonic: The reaction is considered as endergonic if it needs more energy means that activation energy is much higher making the reaction non spontaneous.

Favorable Reaction: They release free energy which in turn used to do work. The products will have lower energy than reactants of the reaction shows that stable products are obtained hence the value of ΔG will be negative.

The tendency for reaction proceed toward product side before reaching equilibrium will increases as more amount of free energy released.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be identified that whether it is exergonic or endergonic and also that at equilibrium which side proceeds farthest toward products.

Concept Introduction:

Exergonic: The reaction is considered as exergonic if energy released since the reactants loses its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction.

Endergonic: The reaction is considered as endergonic if it needs more energy means that activation energy is much higher making the reaction non spontaneous.

Favorable Reaction: They release free energy which in turn used to do work. The products will have lower energy than reactants of the reaction shows that stable products are obtained hence the value of ΔG will be negative.

The tendency for reaction proceed toward product side before reaching equilibrium will increases as more amount of free energy released.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be identified that whether it is exergonic or endergonic and also that at equilibrium which side proceeds farthest toward products.

Concept Introduction:

Exergonic: The reaction is considered as exergonic if energy released since the reactants loses its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction.

Endergonic: The reaction is considered as endergonic if it needs more energy means that activation energy is much higher making the reaction non spontaneous.

Favorable Reaction: They release free energy which in turn used to do work. The products will have lower energy than reactants of the reaction shows that stable products are obtained hence the value of ΔG will be negative.

The tendency for reaction proceed toward product side before reaching equilibrium will increases as more amount of free energy released.

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Answer 5

Chapter 21, Problem 21.32AP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be identified that whether it is exergonic or endergonic and also that at equilibrium which side proceeds farthest toward products.

Concept Introduction:

Exergonic: The reaction is considered as exergonic if energy released since the reactants loses its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction.

Endergonic: The reaction is considered as endergonic if it needs more energy means that activation energy is much higher making the reaction non spontaneous.

Favorable Reaction: They release free energy which in turn used to do work. The products will have lower energy than reactants of the reaction shows that stable products are obtained hence the value of ΔG will be negative.

The tendency for reaction proceed toward product side before reaching equilibrium will increases as more amount of free energy released.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be identified that whether it is exergonic or endergonic and also that at equilibrium which side proceeds farthest toward products.

Concept Introduction:

Exergonic: The reaction is considered as exergonic if energy released since the reactants loses its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction.

Endergonic: The reaction is considered as endergonic if it needs more energy means that activation energy is much higher making the reaction non spontaneous.

Favorable Reaction: They release free energy which in turn used to do work. The products will have lower energy than reactants of the reaction shows that stable products are obtained hence the value of ΔG will be negative.

The tendency for reaction proceed toward product side before reaching equilibrium will increases as more amount of free energy released.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be identified that whether it is exergonic or endergonic and also that at equilibrium which side proceeds farthest toward products.

Concept Introduction:

Exergonic: The reaction is considered as exergonic if energy released since the reactants loses its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction.

Endergonic: The reaction is considered as endergonic if it needs more energy means that activation energy is much higher making the reaction non spontaneous.

Favorable Reaction: They release free energy which in turn used to do work. The products will have lower energy than reactants of the reaction shows that stable products are obtained hence the value of ΔG will be negative.

The tendency for reaction proceed toward product side before reaching equilibrium will increases as more amount of free energy released.

Answer 6

Chapter 21, Problem 21.32AP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be identified that whether it is exergonic or endergonic and also that at equilibrium which side proceeds farthest toward products.

Concept Introduction:

Exergonic: The reaction is considered as exergonic if energy released since the reactants loses its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction.

Endergonic: The reaction is considered as endergonic if it needs more energy means that activation energy is much higher making the reaction non spontaneous.

Favorable Reaction: They release free energy which in turn used to do work. The products will have lower energy than reactants of the reaction shows that stable products are obtained hence the value of ΔG will be negative.

The tendency for reaction proceed toward product side before reaching equilibrium will increases as more amount of free energy released.

Answer 7

Chapter 21, Problem 21.32AP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be identified that whether it is exergonic or endergonic and also that at equilibrium which side proceeds farthest toward products.

Concept Introduction:

Exergonic: The reaction is considered as exergonic if energy released since the reactants loses its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction.

Endergonic: The reaction is considered as endergonic if it needs more energy means that activation energy is much higher making the reaction non spontaneous.

Favorable Reaction: They release free energy which in turn used to do work. The products will have lower energy than reactants of the reaction shows that stable products are obtained hence the value of ΔG will be negative.

The tendency for reaction proceed toward product side before reaching equilibrium will increases as more amount of free energy released.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be identified that whether it is exergonic or endergonic and also that at equilibrium which side proceeds farthest toward products.

Concept Introduction:

Exergonic: The reaction is considered as exergonic if energy released since the reactants loses its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction.

Endergonic: The reaction is considered as endergonic if it needs more energy means that activation energy is much higher making the reaction non spontaneous.

Favorable Reaction: They release free energy which in turn used to do work. The products will have lower energy than reactants of the reaction shows that stable products are obtained hence the value of ΔG will be negative.

The tendency for reaction proceed toward product side before reaching equilibrium will increases as more amount of free energy released.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be identified that whether it is exergonic or endergonic and also that at equilibrium which side proceeds farthest toward products.

Concept Introduction:

Exergonic: The reaction is considered as exergonic if energy released since the reactants loses its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction.

Endergonic: The reaction is considered as endergonic if it needs more energy means that activation energy is much higher making the reaction non spontaneous.

Favorable Reaction: They release free energy which in turn used to do work. The products will have lower energy than reactants of the reaction shows that stable products are obtained hence the value of ΔG will be negative.

The tendency for reaction proceed toward product side before reaching equilibrium will increases as more amount of free energy released.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be identified that whether it is exergonic or endergonic and also that at equilibrium which side proceeds farthest toward products.

Concept Introduction:

Exergonic: The reaction is considered as exergonic if energy released since the reactants loses its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction.

Endergonic: The reaction is considered as endergonic if it needs more energy means that activation energy is much higher making the reaction non spontaneous.

Favorable Reaction: They release free energy which in turn used to do work. The products will have lower energy than reactants of the reaction shows that stable products are obtained hence the value of ΔG will be negative.

The tendency for reaction proceed toward product side before reaching equilibrium will increases as more amount of free energy released.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be identified that whether it is exergonic or endergonic and also that at equilibrium which side proceeds farthest toward products.

Concept Introduction:

Exergonic: The reaction is considered as exergonic if energy released since the reactants loses its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction.

Endergonic: The reaction is considered as endergonic if it needs more energy means that activation energy is much higher making the reaction non spontaneous.

Favorable Reaction: They release free energy which in turn used to do work. The products will have lower energy than reactants of the reaction shows that stable products are obtained hence the value of ΔG will be negative.

The tendency for reaction proceed toward product side before reaching equilibrium will increases as more amount of free energy released.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 21.1 - In a cell, glucose can be oxidized via metabolic...Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 21.2KCP Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 21.1CIAP Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 21.2CIAP Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 21.3CIAP Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 21.4CIAP Ch. 21.3 - Prob. 21.3P Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 21.4P Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 21.5P Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 21.5CIAP

Solution Summary: The author explains that the reaction is exergonic if energy is released since the reactants lose its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction.

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