The reason for the formation of polar ozone hole should be determined. Concept Introduction : Atmosphere: The atmosphere is defined as air that is layer of gases which surrounds the earth due to gravity of earth. The earth atmosphere consists of layers such as thermosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere and troposphere depending on the temperature and its composition. Stratosphere: It is found below the mesosphere layer in which the concentration of ozone and other gases are high. The increasing temperature for this layer with respect to increasing height is due to the presence of high concentration of ozone and other gases in it. The increased temperature is due to the response of UV radiation from sun and hence ozone is formed due to this reaction and the use of ozone is that it prevents the UV radiation from the sun which is actually harmful. Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC): They are compounds that contain only carbon, fluorine and chlorine with it. They are gases can be easily liquefied, have little ability to react readily, are non-poisonous and do not catch fire easily. Nitrogen oxides: They are binary compound that contains only oxygen and nitrogen with them. To determine: The process of formation of polar ozone holes.

Question

What is the average mass of the 10 pennies? Report your value with correct significant figures. What is the error (uncertainty) associated with each mass measurement due to the equipment? What is the uncertainty associated with the average value? Note that the uncertainty of the balance will propagate throughout the calculation. What is the standard deviation of the 10 mass measurements? Explain the difference between the propagated uncertainty and the standard deviation. Which number would you use to describe the uncertainty in the measurement? Calculate the total mass of the pennies with associated uncertainty. Calculate the average density of a penny based on these data. Propagate the uncertainty values for both mass and volume in your calculations.

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Question

Chapter 21, Problem 21.17QP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The reason for the formation of polar ozone hole should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Atmosphere: The atmosphere is defined as air that is layer of gases which surrounds the earth due to gravity of earth.

The earth atmosphere consists of layers such as thermosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere and troposphere depending on the temperature and its composition.

Stratosphere:

It is found below the mesosphere layer in which the concentration of ozone and other gases are high. The increasing temperature for this layer with respect to increasing height is due to the presence of high concentration of ozone and other gases in it.

The increased temperature is due to the response of UV radiation from sun and hence ozone is formed due to this reaction and the use of ozone is that it prevents the UV radiation from the sun which is actually harmful.

Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC): They are compounds that contain only carbon, fluorine and chlorine with it. They are gases can be easily liquefied, have little ability to react readily, are non-poisonous and do not catch fire easily.

Nitrogen oxides: They are binary compound that contains only oxygen and nitrogen with them.

To determine: The process of formation of polar ozone holes.

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What is the average mass of the 10 pennies? Report your value with correct significant figures. What is the error (uncertainty) associated with each mass measurement due to the equipment? What is the uncertainty associated with the average value? Note that the uncertainty of the balance will propagate throughout the calculation. What is the standard deviation of the 10 mass measurements? Explain the difference between the propagated uncertainty and the standard deviation. Which number would you use to describe the uncertainty in the measurement? Calculate the total mass of the pennies with associated uncertainty. Calculate the average density of a penny based on these data. Propagate the uncertainty values for both mass and volume in your calculations.

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