Chapter 21, Problem 21.128SP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The oxidation state and the identity of M in the complexes should be determined.

Concept introduction:

When considering transition metals, some has partially filled or empty d orbitals. Therefore, they can form complexes with ligands. Ligands have lone pair electrons, which can donate to the central metal atom. Mostly, donor atom with lone pair electrons, of a ligand can form coordinate bond to the central metal atom. The central metal with attached ligands is called as coordination sphere.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The valence bond orbital diagram for possible ions needs to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

According to the valence bond theory, there is an electrons pair of opposite spin which are shared by two atoms as a result of orbital overlap. Here, a coordination complex is occurred as a result of overlapping of filled ligand orbital with pair of electrons and empty hybrid orbital of the metal.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The complex which is more likely to exist should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Transition metals show different oxidation states. When considering a transition metal ion, it is more likely to exit their most stable oxidation state.