Nester's Microbiology: A Human Perspective
Nester's Microbiology: A Human Perspective
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780073522593
Author: Denise G. Anderson Lecturer, Sarah Salm, Deborah Allen
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 21, Problem 1SA
Summary Introduction

To review:

The cause of upper respiratory infection through eye contamination.

Introduction:

The respiratory system of the humans is one of the prime biological system wherein exchange of gases and breathing process is accomplished. The lungs are known to be the primary organ, which participates in this system. This system is segregated into upper and lower respiratory system.

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Explanation of Solution

The upper respiratory system involves the nose, the nasal passage, trachea, larynx, and pharynx. The nasal passage comprises cilia, which are finger-like projections that block the microorganisms to enter into the lungs. The infection usually is a common cold, which is caused by a virus. The symptoms involve the runny nose, sore throat, cough, congestion, and sneezing.

The microorganisms can enter the respiratory system either via nose, throat, or eye. From the nose, they can directly escape and enter the respiratory system; from the throat, they may enter via the mouth and enter the respiratory system; or from eyes, the organisms can enter the surface of the eye and enter the nasopharynx passage via the nasolacrimal duct. Therefore, eye contamination may lead to the infection in the upper region of the respiratory system.

Conclusion

Therefore, it can be concluded that the pathogens can enter from the surface of the eye and enter the respiratory system via the nasolacrimal duct.

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We will be starting a group project next week where you and your group will research and ultimately present on a current research article related to the biology of a pathogen that infects humans. The article could be about the pathogen itself, the disease process related to the pathogen, the immune response to the pathogen, vaccines or treatments that affect the pathogen, or other biology-related study about the pathogen. I recommend that you choose a pathogen that is currently interesting to researchers, so that you will be able to find plenty of articles about it. Avoid choosing a historical disease that no longer circulates. List 3 possible pathogens or diseases that you might want to do for your group project.
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DNK dagi nukleotidlar va undan sintezlangan oqsildagi peptid boglar farqi 901 taga teng bo'lib undagi A jami H boglardan 6,5 marta kam bo'lsa DNK dagi jami H bog‘lar sonini toping
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