Human Biology Custom Edition
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337631532
Author: Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 21, Problem 1CT
Summary Introduction
To explain: Whether the mutation in DNA or mutation in mRNA is harmful.
Introduction: DNA is the genetic material of some viruses, prokaryotes, archaea, and eukaryotes. The mRNA is synthesized by transcription from a DNA template and plays a vital role in protein synthesis. Mutations are the changes in the DNA sequences that are heritable if it occurs in germ line cells.
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A mutation in a gene’s exons is more damaging than a mutation in a genes intron. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Explain your answer.
Mutations that affect organisms are
those that involve exons. True or
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Mutations that affect organisms are those that involve exons. True or False. Defend your answer and give examples in an essay type
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- Finally, imagine that a mutation occurred in the codon below and an A was inserted between the two Ts. How would this affect the mRNA and the amino acid for that codon? Old DNA codon Old RNA codon Old amino acid New DNA codon New mRNA codon New amino acid T T G T A T G This would be an example of which type of a mutation?__________________________arrow_forwardSome genetic mutations can cause devastating diseases in humans. However, not all mutations result in disease. What are 2 reasons/ways that mutations may not necessarily be negative or harmful? Explain each reason. Your answer should be at least 100 words.arrow_forwardWhat are the classes of mutations that can be made in the genetic code? In your own words describe how each class of mutation changes the protein that gets madearrow_forward
- Now imagine that a mutation occurred at the first G in the DNA sequence above and the G became a C. How would this affect the mRNA and the amino acid for that codon? Old DNA codon Old RNA codon Old amino acid New DNA codon New mRNA codon New amino acid T T G T T C This would be an example of which type of a point mutation?__________________________arrow_forwardA gene contains the sequence CGCATACGGTAC that results in the amino acid sequence arg-ile-arg-tyr. A mutation in this gene removes the first G in the strand.What is true of this mutation's effect on the phenotype?1.It will affect the phenotype because although most of the protein will be identical, the first amino acid will be different.2.It will not affect the phenotype because the protein will be identical to the original protein.3.It will affect the phenotype because all the amino acids past this point will be different from the original protein.4.It will not affect the phenotype because only the first amino acid is different from the original protein.arrow_forwardWhat is the answer of the question number 3,4 and 5?arrow_forward
- Compare and contrast nonsense mutations, silent mutations, and missense mutations including the impact of the mutation on the protein produced. Your answer should be 3-7 sentences sentences long and fully explain how they are similar and what is different between the mutations.arrow_forwardGiven below is a DNA sequence as well as its corresponding mRNA and protein amino acid sequences. If in given DNA sequence a nucleotide is deleted or inserted or substituted, what types of mutations these changes may result? Show these changes and resulting mutations by using given sequences.arrow_forwardShow the effect of the following types of mutation on the 5th N-base of the given DNA sequence. Use a genetic dictionary for translation of codons into amino acids. DNA sequence: Sense, Missense, or Type of mutation Translated Sequence nonsense mutation? TAC AAT GCC CCA ACT Deletion Insertion Substitution Frameshift mutationarrow_forward
- Identify the type of mutation and how it would affect the protein made (amino acid) if the following changes occurred in the DNA template strand.DNA Strand: TCT AAC TAT CCC CTA Third codon change from TAT to TAG. Second codon change from AAC to ATC. Nucleotide with adenine (A) base inserted between 14th and 15th nucleotide. Ninth nucleotide changes from T to C. Types of Mutation Changes in the Amino Acid 1. 2. 3. 4.arrow_forwardFill in the chart AND answer the question below it (accurately and completely).arrow_forwardWhich one is NOT a possible cause of mutation? extreme temperature bacterial infection mistakes in nitrogenous base pairing chemicals and radiationarrow_forward
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