
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The complete balanced equation has to be written for the given reaction.
Concept introduction: Main group elements are categorized as s-block and p-block elements. The s-block elements include metals belonging to group
Ionic compounds are formed by the loss of electrons from the metal which is gained by the nonmetals. The metal gets positively charge and the non-metal attains a negative charge thus forming cations and anions respectively. They do so to attain a noble gas configuration or to attain stability.
Here, by losing electrons metal M achieve the noble gas configuration. These electrons are gained by the non-metals X as shown below.
The metals of group
The compounds of non-metals with oxides and hydrides are covalent compounds. This is because non-metals are less electropositive and the difference in electronegativity between two elements is less than
(a)

Answer to Problem 14PS
The complete balanced equation for the reaction of potassium and iodine is:
Explanation of Solution
Potassium belongs to group
This electron is gained by iodine to form an anion with one negative charge. Iodine belongs to halogen family and it has the oxidation number of
The number of electrons in both the equations is same. Thus an ionic compound is formed in which potassium has
The stoichiometric coefficients are multiplied with species to have an equal number of atoms on both the reactant and product side, for a balanced chemical equation Since iodine is present as
Thus, the overall balanced equation is:
(b)
Interpretation: The complete balanced equation has to be written for the given reaction.
Concept introduction: Main group elements are categorized as s-block and p-block elements. The s-block elements include metals belonging to group
Ionic compounds are formed by the loss of electrons from the metal which is gained by the nonmetals. The metal gets positively charge and the non-metal attains a negative charge thus forming cations and anions respectively. They do so to attain a noble gas configuration or to attain stability.
Here, by losing electrons metal M achieve the noble gas configuration. These electrons are gained by the non-metals X as shown below.
The metals of group
The compounds of non-metals with oxides and hydrides are covalent compounds. This is because non-metals are less electropositive and the difference in electronegativity between two elements is less than
(b)

Answer to Problem 14PS
The complete balanced equation for the reaction of barium and oxygen is:
Explanation of Solution
Barium belongs to group
These two electrons are gained by the oxygen leading to the formation of an ionic compound. Oxygen belongs to the sulfur family and exists in -2 oxidation number.
The number of electrons in both the equations is same. Barium has a charge of
The stoichiometric coefficients are multiplied with species to have an equal number of atoms on both the reactant and product side, for a balanced chemical equation. Since oxygen is present as
Thus, the overall balanced equation is:
(c)
Interpretation: The complete balanced equation has to be written for the given reaction.
Concept introduction: Main group elements are categorized as s-block and p-block elements. The s-block elements include metals belonging to group
Ionic compounds are formed by the loss of electrons from the metal which is gained by the nonmetals. The metal gets positively charge and the non-metal attains a negative charge thus forming cations and anions respectively. They do so to attain a noble gas configuration or to attain stability.
Here, by losing electrons metal M achieve the noble gas configuration. These electrons are gained by the non-metals X as shown below.
The metals of group
The compounds of non-metals with oxides and hydrides are covalent compounds. This is because non-metals are less electropositive and the difference in electronegativity between two elements is less than
(c)

Answer to Problem 14PS
The complete balanced equation for the reaction of aluminium with sulfur is:
Explanation of Solution
Aluminium belongs to group
Sulphur belongs to oxygen family and exists in -2 oxidation number. These two electrons are gained by the sulphur leading to the formation of a product compound.
The numbers of electrons are not same in both the equations. Aluminium bear charge and sulfur bears
The
Thus, the overall balanced equation is:
(d)
Interpretation: The complete balanced equation has to be written for the given reaction.
Concept introduction: Main group elements are categorized as s-block and p-block elements. The s-block elements include metals belonging to group
Ionic compounds are formed by the loss of electrons from the metal which is gained by the nonmetals. The metal gets positively charge and the non-metal attains a negative charge thus forming cations and anions respectively. They do so to attain a noble gas configuration or to attain stability.
Here, by losing electrons metal M achieve the noble gas configuration. These electrons are gained by the non-metals X as shown below.
The metals of group
The compounds of non-metals with oxides and hydrides are covalent compounds. This is because non-metals are less electropositive and the difference in electronegativity between two elements is less than
(d)

Answer to Problem 14PS
The complete balanced equation for the reaction of silicon with chlorine is:
Explanation of Solution
Silicon belongs to group
The electronegativity difference between silicon and chlorine is less than
The stoichiometric coefficients are multiplied with species to have equal number of atoms on both the reactant and product side, for a balanced chemical equation. Since chlorine is present as
Thus, the overall balanced equation is:
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Chapter 21 Solutions
CHEMISTRY+CHEM...HYBRID ED.(LL)>CUSTOM<
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