Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605197
Author: Dee Unglaub Silverthorn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 20.7, Problem 17CC
Why is ATP required for H+ secretion by the H+-K+ transporter but not for the Na+-H+ exchanger?
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What is a secondary transporter? Why are they called secondary? What is [3 H]Leu? Explain both 3H and Leu.
When the kidneys filter plasma, the filtered glucose is reabsorbed from the renal tubules and is not passed in the urine. However, glucose can appear in the urine when the blood sugar is exceptionally high.
Given that glucose is reabsorbed by carrier-mediated transport, what functional aspect of carrier-mediated transport does the appearance of glucose in urine demonstrate? Explain.
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Chapter 20 Solutions
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
Ch. 20.2 - Does the apical membrane of a collecting duct cell...Ch. 20.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 20.2 - A scientist monitoring the activity of...Ch. 20.2 - If vasopressin increases water reabsorption by the...Ch. 20.2 - Experiments suggest that there are peripheral...Ch. 20.2 - Prob. 6CCCh. 20.2 - Prob. 7CCCh. 20.3 - In Figure 20.9b, what forces cause Na+ and K+ to...Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 9CCCh. 20.3 - Laboratory values for ions may be reported as...
Ch. 20.3 - A man comes to the doctor with high blood...Ch. 20.3 - Map the pathways through which elevated renin...Ch. 20.3 - Why is it more efficient to put ACE in the...Ch. 20.5 - Incorporate the thirst reflex into Figure 20.8.Ch. 20.6 - Map the pathway that begins with renal artery...Ch. 20.7 - CO2+H2OH++HCO3(6) In equation 6, the amount of...Ch. 20.7 - Why is ATP required for H+ secretion by the H+-K+...Ch. 20.7 - In hypokalemia, the intercalated cells of the...Ch. 20 - What is an electrolyte? Name five electrolytes...Ch. 20 - Prob. 2RQCh. 20 - Prob. 3RQCh. 20 - List the receptors that regulate osmolarity, blood...Ch. 20 - How do the two limbs of the loop of Henle differ...Ch. 20 - Prob. 6RQCh. 20 - Prob. 7RQCh. 20 - Prob. 8RQCh. 20 - Write out the words for the following...Ch. 20 - Prob. 10RQCh. 20 - Prob. 11RQCh. 20 - Prob. 12RQCh. 20 - Prob. 13RQCh. 20 - Prob. 14RQCh. 20 - Prob. 15RQCh. 20 - When ventilation increases, what happens to...Ch. 20 - Prob. 17RQCh. 20 - Figures 20.15 and 20.18a show the respiratory and...Ch. 20 - Explain how the loop of Henle and vasa recta work...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20RQCh. 20 - Prob. 21RQCh. 20 - Name the four main compensatory mechanisms for...Ch. 20 - Prob. 23RQCh. 20 - Compare and contrast the terms in each set: a....Ch. 20 - Prob. 25RQCh. 20 - Prob. 26RQCh. 20 - Prob. 27RQCh. 20 - Hannah, a 31-year-old woman, decided to have...Ch. 20 - Prob. 29RQCh. 20 - Prob. 30RQCh. 20 - The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is a...Ch. 20 - Hyperglycemia in a diabetic patient leads to...Ch. 20 - Osmotic diuresis refers to the loss of additional...
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- Name the three classes of membrane transport proteins. Explain which one or ones of these classes is able to move glucose and which can move bicarbonate (HCO3−) against an electrochemical gradient. In the case of bicarbonate, but not glucose, the ΔG of the transport process has two terms. What are these two terms, and why does the second not apply to glucose? Why are cotransporters often referred to as examples of secondary active transport?arrow_forwardIf the activity of the Na+/HCO3− symporter were increased, how would blood pH change? Why?arrow_forwardthe sodium channel exchanger NCX transports sodium into and calcium out of cardiac muscle cells. Describe why this itransporter is classified as secondary active transport?arrow_forward
- Explain why Na+ is low inside cells despite a large concentration gradient inwardarrow_forwardBelow find the structures for ibogaine and cocaine. Ibogaine and cocaine inhibit the dopamine active transporter (DAT). This transporter is a secondary active transporter, and depends on the primary active transporter Na+/K+ ATPase. Ibogaine had a Kι = 2 μM, and cocaine a Kι = 0.64 μM respectively. (a) Define secondary active transport. (b) Is ibogaine an effective treatment for cocaine based on DAT binding?arrow_forwardWhat determines the magnitude of flux across a membrane in a mediated-transport system?arrow_forward
- How are compatible intracellular solutes employed in cell-volumeregulation, and why do they have advantages as intracellularosmotic effectors?arrow_forwardATP is not directly involved in the functioning of a cotransporter. Why,then, is cotransport considered active transport?arrow_forwardWhat happens when the Na+-K+ pump is phosphorylated? When K+ binds to the pump protein?arrow_forward
- Explain why negative charges in the filtration membrane are able to repel protein which are negative charges but not chlorine ionsarrow_forwardIon transporters are “linked” together—not physi-cally, but as a consequence of their actions. For example,cells can raise their intracellular pH, when it becomes tooacidic, by exchanging external Na+ for internal H+, usinga Na+–H+ antiporter. The change in internal Na+ is thenredressed using the Na+-K+ pump.A. Can these two transporters, operating together,normalize both the H+ and the Na+ concentrations insidethe cell?B. Does the linked action of these two pumps causeimbalances in either the K+ concentration or the mem-brane potential? Why or why not?arrow_forwardIs fadh2 oxidized or reduced?arrow_forward
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