Physical Science (12th Edition), Standalone Book
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260150544
Author: Bill W. Tillery
Publisher: McGraw Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 20, Problem 31AC
What are you doing to a rock if you dissolve it in acid?
a. Mechanical weathering
b. Chemical weathering
c. Erosion
d. Transportation
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A cylinder with a piston contains 0.153 mol of
nitrogen at a pressure of 1.83×105 Pa and a
temperature of 290 K. The nitrogen may be
treated as an ideal gas. The gas is first compressed
isobarically to half its original volume. It then
expands adiabatically back to its original volume,
and finally it is heated isochorically to its original
pressure.
Part A
Compute the temperature at the beginning of the adiabatic expansion.
Express your answer in kelvins.
ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ
T₁ =
?
K
Submit
Request Answer
Part B
Compute the temperature at the end of the adiabatic expansion.
Express your answer in kelvins.
Π ΑΣΦ
T₂ =
Submit
Request Answer
Part C
Compute the minimum pressure.
Express your answer in pascals.
ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ
P =
Submit
Request Answer
?
?
K
Pa
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
Τ
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
T
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Chapter 20 Solutions
Physical Science (12th Edition), Standalone Book
Ch. 20 -
1. Small changes that result in the breaking up,...Ch. 20 -
2. The process of physically removing weathered...Ch. 20 -
3. Muddy water rushing downstream after a heavy...Ch. 20 -
4. The physical breakup of rocks without any...Ch. 20 -
5. Chemical weathering, the dissolving or...Ch. 20 -
6. The process of peeling off layers of rock,...Ch. 20 - Prob. 7ACCh. 20 -
8. A mixture of unconsolidated weathered earth...Ch. 20 -
9. Decay-resistant, altered organic material...Ch. 20 -
10. Two minerals that usually remain after...
Ch. 20 -
11. Weathered materials move to lower elevations...Ch. 20 -
12. The slow movement downhill of soil on the...Ch. 20 -
13. The wide, level floor of a valley built by a...Ch. 20 -
14. The deposit at the mouth of a river where...Ch. 20 -
15. Rock fragments frozen in moving glacier ice...Ch. 20 -
16. The agent that has the least ability to...Ch. 20 - Prob. 17ACCh. 20 - Prob. 18ACCh. 20 -
19. What is the pH of natural rainwater?
a. 5.0...Ch. 20 -
20. Freezing water exerts pressure on the wall...Ch. 20 -
21. Of the following rock weathering events, the...Ch. 20 -
22. Which of the following would have the...Ch. 20 -
23. Broad meanders on a very wide, gently sloping...Ch. 20 - Prob. 24ACCh. 20 -
25. A likely source of loess is
a. rock...Ch. 20 -
26. The landscape in a dry climate tends to be...Ch. 20 -
27. Peneplains and monadnocks are prevented from...Ch. 20 -
28. The phrase weathering of rocks means
a. able...Ch. 20 -
29. What are you doing to a rock if you pick up...Ch. 20 -
30. What are you doing to the fragments of a...Ch. 20 -
31. What are you doing to a rock if you dissolve...Ch. 20 - Prob. 32ACCh. 20 -
33. The soil called loam is
a. all sand and...Ch. 20 -
34. A moraine is a
a. wind deposit.
b. glacier...Ch. 20 -
35. The breaking up, crumbling, chemical...Ch. 20 -
36. Crushing of rock at a quarry to make...Ch. 20 -
37. Fragments of rocks fall into a mountain...Ch. 20 -
38. Tree roots grow and expand, and eventually...Ch. 20 -
39. Damage to the Lincoln Memorial by rain and...Ch. 20 -
40. Ferromagnesian minerals will react with...Ch. 20 -
41. You are planning a garden and need a soil...Ch. 20 - Prob. 42ACCh. 20 -
43. The most extensive glaciers in the United...Ch. 20 -
44. Continental glaciers are found...Ch. 20 -
45. An example of a chemical weathering process...Ch. 20 - Prob. 1QFTCh. 20 -
2. Granite is the most common rock found on...Ch. 20 -
3. What other erosion processes are important as...Ch. 20 -
4. Describe three ways in which a river erodes...Ch. 20 - Prob. 5QFTCh. 20 - Prob. 6QFTCh. 20 -
7. What is a glacier? How does a glacier erode...Ch. 20 -
8. What is rock flour and how is it produced?
Ch. 20 -
9. Could a glacier erode the land lower than sea...Ch. 20 -
10. Explain why glacial erosion produces a...Ch. 20 - Prob. 11QFTCh. 20 - Prob. 12QFTCh. 20 -
13. What essential condition must be met before...Ch. 20 -
14. Compare the features caused by stream...Ch. 20 -
15. Compare the materials deposited by streams,...Ch. 20 -
16. Why do certain stone buildings tend to...Ch. 20 - Prob. 17QFTCh. 20 -
18. Discuss all the reasons you can in favor of...Ch. 20 - Prob. 1FFACh. 20 -
2. Speculate whether the continents will ever be...Ch. 20 - Prob. 3FFACh. 20 - Prob. 1PEACh. 20 - Prob. 2PEACh. 20 - Prob. 3PEACh. 20 - Prob. 4PEACh. 20 - Prob. 5PEACh. 20 - Prob. 6PEACh. 20 - Prob. 7PEACh. 20 - Prob. 8PEACh. 20 - Prob. 9PEACh. 20 - Prob. 10PEACh. 20 - Prob. 11PEACh. 20 - Prob. 12PEACh. 20 - Prob. 13PEACh. 20 - Prob. 14PEACh. 20 - Prob. 15PEACh. 20 - Prob. 1PEBCh. 20 -
2. The average rate of chemical weathering of...Ch. 20 -
3. A slope is creeping at a rate of 1.2 mm/yr. A...Ch. 20 - Prob. 4PEBCh. 20 - Prob. 5PEBCh. 20 - Prob. 6PEBCh. 20 -
7. The elevation of a streambed is surveyed near...Ch. 20 -
8. Each year, sheet erosion removes 0.9 mm of...Ch. 20 - Prob. 9PEBCh. 20 - Prob. 10PEBCh. 20 -
11. The discharge (Q) of a stream is the velocity...Ch. 20 -
12. What is the velocity (v) of a stream with a...Ch. 20 - Prob. 13PEBCh. 20 -
14. A 1998 survey of glacial end moraines...Ch. 20 -
15. Rates of tectonic uplift can be determined...
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