Chapter 20, Problem 2EDCS

(1)

Summary Introduction

To determine:

In what way microcephaly varies from both encephalitis and meningitis; why standard antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin and penicillin do not assist to give a remedy for a Zika infection; by what means, the PCR technique would be described to a patient like Person M.

Case summary:

Person M is sick. She develops muscle aches, joint pain, and fever. Person M is carrying her first baby, so she is very much concerned about her illness. Recently, she came to know about the new disease, which is referred to as Zika (infects unborn babies). She learned more about this disease online; that it is a virus (arbovirus). It spreads to others by mosquitoes (arthropod-borne). The virus was first revealed in 1947 in the Zika forest (Uganda, Africa).

The Zika virus was verified (World Health Organization); that it can be transmitted to unborn baby of a pregnant woman from a bite of an infected mosquito. This virus has the ability to cross the placenta and infect the baby. The virus undoubtedly affects the unborn baby. It causes some babies to be born with little heads. This condition is referred to as microcephaly. The other symptoms of Zika include eye defects and even death. The other symptoms include red eyes, fever, and bumpy rashes. However, Person M has not developed any rashes or red eyes. She was confused and worried about her illness. She gets an appointment with her obstetrician. Later, she is enlightened by Dr. Stephens about the Zika virus; that it rarely affects adults and  rarely passes the placenta to infect the unborn child.

However, the physician suggests a diagnostic check for the virus, which is a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The viral RNA (blood plasma of the patient serum) can be noticed by this technique. Quickly, Person M agrees to the test and her blood was drawn for the test. She is then sent home with the antibiotic acetaminophen.

(2)

Summary Introduction

To determine:

Why standard antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin and penicillin do not assist in giving a remedy for a Zika infection.

Case summary:

 Person M is sick. She develops muscle aches, joint pain, and fever. Person M is carrying her first baby, so she is very much concerned about her illness. Recently, she came to know about the new disease, which is referred to as Zika (infects unborn babies). She learned more about this disease online; that it is a virus (arbovirus). It spreads to others by mosquitoes (arthropod-borne). The virus was first revealed in 1947 in the Zika forest (Uganda, Africa).

The Zika virus was verified (World Health Organization); that it can be transmitted to unborn baby of a pregnant woman from a bite of an infected mosquito. This virus has the ability to cross the placenta and infect the baby. The virus undoubtedly affects the unborn baby. It causes some babies to be born with little heads. This condition is referred to as microcephaly. The other symptoms of Zika include eye defects and even death. The other symptoms include red eyes, fever, and bumpy rashes. However, Person M has not developed any rashes or red eyes. She was confused and worried about her illness. She gets an appointment with her obstetrician. Later, she is enlightened by Dr. Stephens about the Zika virus; that it rarely affects adults and rarely passes the placenta to infect the unborn child.

However, the physician suggests a diagnostic check for the virus, which is a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The viral RNA (blood plasma of the patient serum) can be noticed by this technique. Quickly, Person M agrees to the test and her blood was drawn for the test. She is then sent home with the antibiotic acetaminophen.

(3)

Summary Introduction

To determine:

By what means the PCR technique would be described to a patient like Person M.

Case summary:

 Person M is sick. She develops muscle aches, joint pain, and fever. Person M is carrying her first baby, so she is very much concerned about her illness. Recently, she came to know about the new disease, which is referred to as Zika (infects unborn babies). She learned more about this disease online; that it is a virus (arbovirus). It spreads to others by mosquitoes (arthropod-borne). The virus was first revealed in 1947 in the Zika forest (Uganda, Africa).

The Zika virus was verified (World Health Organization); that it can be transmitted to unborn baby of a pregnant woman from a bite of an infected mosquito. This virus has the ability to cross the placenta and infect the baby. The virus undoubtedly affects the unborn baby. It causes some babies to be born with little heads. This condition is referred to as microcephaly. The other symptoms of Zika include eye defects and even death. The other symptoms include red eyes, fever, and bumpy rashes. However, Person M has not developed any rashes or red eyes. She was confused and worried about her illness. She gets an appointment with her obstetrician. Later, she is enlightened by Dr. Stephens about the Zika virus; that it rarely affects adults and rarely passes the placenta to infect the unborn child.

However, the physician suggests a diagnostic check for the virus, which is a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The viral RNA (blood plasma of the patient serum) can be noticed by this technique. Quickly, Person M agrees to the test and her blood was drawn for the test. She is then sent home with the antibiotic acetaminophen.