Chapter 20, Problem 20.6P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The entropy of the surroundings change during an exothermic reaction and endothermic process has to be described.

Concept introduction:

Entropy is a thermodynamic quantity, which is the measure of randomness in a system.  The term entropy is useful in explaining the spontaneity of a process.  For all spontaneous process in an isolated system there will be an increase in entropy.  Entropy is represented by the letter ‘S’.  It is a state function.  The change in entropy gives information about the magnitude and direction of a process.  Factors like temperature, molar mass, molecular complexity and phase transition occurring in a reaction influences the entropy in a system.

  ${\text{ΔS}}_{\text{denatuaration}}\text{=}\frac{{\text{ΔΗ}}_{\text{denaturation}}}{{\text{T}}_{\text{melting}}}$

Exothermic reaction: Exothermic reactions are those in which evolution of heat takes place during any chemical reaction. They release heat because the reactant molecules require less heat for breakage of bonds than the product molecules.

Endothermic reaction: Endothermic reactions are those in which heat is absorbed during any chemical reaction. In such type of reactions, external energy is needed