Chapter 20, Problem 20.50AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed.

Concept introduction:

Alkylation of carboxylic acid to give esters is done using various reagents. Diazoalkane’s are one of the alkylating agents to give esters. This alkylation reaction takes place in ether and is very rapid reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed.

Concept introduction:

Alkylation of carboxylic acid to give esters is done using various reagents. The carboxylic acid can be alkylated by the use of a strong base and alkyl halide. The base abstracts the proton of carboxylic acid to produce carboxylate ion which than attacks at the alkyl halide to substitute the halide group and produce ester.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed.

Concept introduction:

Polymers are the compounds formed by joining of small molecules with each other. The extent of polymerization of molecules varies from one to another. Greater is the extent of polymerization reaction, higher is the molecular mass of the polymer.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed.

Concept introduction:

The hydroboration-oxidation and oxymercuration-reduction are both the addition reactions of alkenes to give alcohols. The oxymercuration-reduction reaction gives the markonikov’s product with the syn-addition of solvent molecule to the alkene.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed.

Concept introduction:

Alkylation of carboxylic acid to give esters is done using various reagents. The carboxylic acid can be alkylated by the use of a strong base and alkyl halide. The base abstracts the proton of carboxylic acid to produce carboxylate ion which than attacks at the alkyl halide to substitute the halide group and produce ester.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed.

Concept introduction:

Alkylation of carboxylic acid to give esters is done using various reagents. The carboxylic acid can be alkylated by the use of a strong base and alkyl halide. The base abstracts the proton of carboxylic acid to produce carboxylate ion which than attacks at the alkyl halide to substitute the halide group and produce ester.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed.

Concept introduction:

Alkylation of carboxylic acid to give esters is done using various reagents. The carboxylic acid can be alkylated by the use of a strong base and alkyl halide. The base abstracts the proton of carboxylic acid to produce carboxylate ion which than attacks at the alkyl halide to substitute the halide group and produce ester.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed.

Concept introduction:

Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions are very prominent reactions of the benzene compounds. The electrophile comes and replaces the hydrogen present on the benzene ring. If there is already a group present on the benzene than that group decides the position of next electrophile.