Chapter 20, Problem 20.32AP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the major species which is present in solution if $0.01$ mole of the dicarboxylic acid in aqueous solution reacts with $0.01$ mole of $\text{NaOH}$ is to be drawn and explained.

Concept introduction:

The acidity depends on the ease with which the acidic hydrogen is removed and the relative stability of the conjugate base that results after hydrogen is lost. The acidic nature is governed by the electronic nature of the substituent.

The electron withdrawing groups (EWG) decreases the electron density and thus; enhanced the acidic strength of a compound. On the other hand, the electron donating groups (EDG) increases the electron density and thus; decreases the acidic strength of a compound.