Chapter 20, Problem 20.42QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The following pairs, which is radioactive nuclide has to be explained.

${}_{\text{47}}^{\text{102}}{\text{Ag, }}_{\text{47}}^{\text{109}}\text{Ag}$

Concept introduction:

Nuclear stability:  There are many factors that give to nuclear stability.  These are,

• Full nuclear shell (magic number)
• Even number of protons and neutrons
• Proton to neutron ratio

Note: When element has an atomic number higher than 83, it is unstable.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The following pairs, which is radioactive nuclide has to be explained.

${}_{\text{12}}^{\text{25}}{\text{Mg, }}_{\text{10}}^{\text{24}}\text{Ne}$

Concept introduction:

Nuclear stability:  There are many factors that give to nuclear stability.  These are,

• Full nuclear shell (magic number)
• Even number of protons and neutrons
• Proton to neutron ratio

Note: When element has an atomic number higher than 83, it is unstable.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The following pairs, which is radioactive nuclide has to be explained.

${}_{\text{81}}^{\text{204}}\text{Tl,}{}_{\text{90}}^{\text{233}}\text{Th}$

Concept introduction:

Nuclear stability:  There are many factors that give to nuclear stability.  These are,

• Full nuclear shell (magic number)
• Even number of protons and neutrons
• Proton to neutron ratio

Note: When element has an atomic number higher than 83, it is unstable.