Chapter 20, Problem 20.2P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The name of the given compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid is a class of organic compound that contains a $-\text{COOH}$ group attached with a hydrocarbon chain. They occur widely in nature that includes amino acid, acetic acid (vinegar) and so on. Deprotonation of carboxylic acid gives carboxylate anion which is mostly present in soaps. The name of these compounds ends with a suffix $-oicacid$ or $-icacid$ . Rules for writing IUPAC name from the structural formula are given below.

• First, identify the longest carbon chain.

• The next step is to identify the groups attached to the longest chain.

• Identify the position, location, and a number of the substituents bonded to the carbon chain.

• Use prefix di, tri, tetra if the same type of substituents are present.

• Name the substituents in alphabetical order.

Answer to Problem 20.2P

The name of the given compound is $2,2-\text{dimethylbutanoic}\text{acid}$.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of the given compound is shown below.

Figure 1

When a compound is named, the first thing is to identify the longest parent chain. If the parent chain is substituted, then it is numbered in such a manner so that the substituent gets the lowest locant number. In the given case, the structure is numbered as shown below.

Figure 2

It contains a carboxyl group which is a higher priority functional group. The numbering is started from the carboxyl group. The parent chain is identified as butane. It is disubstituted at $\text{C2}$ position. There are two methyl groups present at $\text{C2}$ position. Therefore, the given compound is named as $2,2-\text{dimethylbutanoic}\text{acid}$.

Conclusion

The given compound is named as $2,2-\text{dimethylbutanoic}\text{acid}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The name of the given compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid is a class of organic compound that contains a $-\text{COOH}$ group attached with a hydrocarbon chain. They occur widely in nature that includes amino acid, acetic acid (vinegar) and so on. Deprotonation of carboxylic acid gives carboxylate anion which is mostly present in soaps. The name of these compounds ends with a suffix $-oicacid$ or $-icacid$ . Rules for writing IUPAC name from the structural formula are given below.

• First, identify the longest carbon chain.

• The next step is to identify the groups attached to the longest chain.

• Identify the position, location, and a number of the substituents bonded to the carbon chain.

• Use prefix di, tri, tetra if the same type of substituents are present.

• Name the substituents in alphabetical order.

Answer to Problem 20.2P

The name of the given compound is $9-\text{methyloctanoic}\text{acid}$.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of the given compound is shown as below.

Figure 3

When a compound is named the first thing is to identify the longest parent chain. If the parent chain is substituted, then it is numbered in such a manner so that the substituent gets the lowest locant number. In the given case, the structure is numbered as shown below.

Figure 4

It contains a carboxyl group which is a higher priority functional group. The numbering is started from the carboxyl group. The parent chain is identified as decane. It is monosubstituted at $\text{C9}$ position. There is only one methyl group present at $\text{C9}$ position. Therefore the given compound is named as $9-\text{methyloctanoic}\text{acid}$.

Conclusion

The given compound is named as $9-\text{methyloctanoic}\text{acid}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The name of the given compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid is a class of organic compound that contains a $-\text{COOH}$ group attached with a hydrocarbon chain. They occur widely in nature that includes amino acid, acetic acid (vinegar) and so on. Deprotonation of carboxylic acid gives carboxylate anion which is mostly present in soaps. The name of these compounds ends with a suffix $-oicacid$ or $-icacid$ . Rules for writing IUPAC name from the structural formula are given below.

• First, identify the longest carbon chain.

• The next step is to identify the groups attached to the longest chain.

• Identify the position, location, and a number of the substituents bonded to the carbon chain.

• Use prefix di, tri, tetra if the same type of substituents are present.

• Name the substituents in alphabetical order.

Answer to Problem 20.2P

The name of the given compound is $3-\text{hydroxy}-4-\text{oxocyclohexanecarboxylicacid}$.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of the given compound is shown as below.

Figure 5

When a compound is named the first thing is to identify the longest parent chain. If the parent chain is substituted, then it is numbered in such a manner so that the substituent gets the lowest locant number. In the given case, the structure is numbered as shown below.

Figure 6

It contains a carboxyl group which is a higher priority functional group. The numbering is started from the carboxyl group. The parent chain is identified as cyclohexane. Cyclohexane is disubstituted at $\text{C3}$ and $\text{C4}$ position. There is one hydroxyl group and one ketone group is present at $\text{C3}$ and $\text{C4}$ position respectively. Therefore the given compound is named as $3-\text{hydroxy}-4-\text{oxocyclohexanecarboxylicacid}$.

Conclusion

The given compound is named as $3-\text{hydroxy}-4-\text{oxocyclohexanecarboxylicacid}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The name of the given compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid is a class of organic compound that contains a $-\text{COOH}$ group attached with a hydrocarbon chain. They occur widely in nature that includes amino acid, acetic acid (vinegar) and so on. Deprotonation of carboxylic acid gives carboxylate anion which is mostly present in soaps. The name of these compounds ends with a suffix $-oicacid$ or $-icacid$ . Rules for writing IUPAC name from the structural formula are given below.

• First, identify the longest carbon chain.

• The next step is to identify the groups attached to the longest chain.

• Identify the position, location, and a number of the substituents bonded to the carbon chain.

• Use prefix di, tri, tetra if the same type of substituents are present.

• Name the substituents in alphabetical order.

Answer to Problem 20.2P

The name of the given compound is $\text{2, 4}-\text{dichlorobenzoic acid}$

Explanation of Solution

The structure of the given compound is shown as below.

Figure 7

When a compound is named the first thing is to identify the longest parent chain. If the parent chain is substituted, then it is numbered in such a manner so that the substituent gets the lowest locant number. In the given case, the structure is numbered as shown below.

Figure 8

It contains a carboxyl group which is a higher priority functional group. The numbering is started from the carboxyl group. The parent chain is identified as benzene. Benzene is disubstituted at $\text{C2}$ and $\text{C4}$ position. There are two chlorine groups is present at $\text{C2}$ and $\text{C4}$ position respectively. Therefore, the given compound is named as $\text{2, 4}-\text{dichlorobenzoic acid}$.

Conclusion

The given compound is named as $\text{2, 4}-\text{dichlorobenzoic acid}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The name of the given compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid is a class of organic compound that contains a $-\text{COOH}$ group attached with a hydrocarbon chain. They occur widely in nature that includes amino acid, acetic acid (vinegar) and so on. Deprotonation of carboxylic acid gives carboxylate anion which is mostly present in soaps. The name of these compounds ends with a suffix $-oicacid$ or $-icacid$ . Rules for writing IUPAC name from the structural formula are given below.

• First, identify the longest carbon chain.

• The next step is to identify the groups attached to the longest chain.

• Identify the position, location, and a number of the substituents bonded to the carbon chain.

• Use prefix di, tri, tetra if the same type of substituents are present.

• Name the substituents in alphabetical order.

Answer to Problem 20.2P

The name of the given compound is $\text{2}-\text{methylpropanedioic acid}$.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of the given compound is shown as below.

Figure 9

When a compound is named the first thing is to identify the longest parent chain. If the parent chain is substituted, then it is numbered in such a manner so that the substituent gets the lowest locant number. In the given case, the structure is numbered as shown below.

Figure 10

The numbering is started from the carboxyl group since the carboxyl group has higher priority over others. The parent chain is identified as propane. It contains two carboxyl groups named as a propanedioic acid. It is monosubstituted at $\text{C2}$ position. There is one methyl group is present at $\text{C2}$ position. Therefore, the given compound is named as $\text{2}-\text{methylpropanedioic acid}$.

Conclusion

The given compound is named as $\text{2}-\text{methylpropanedioic acid}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The name of the given compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid is a class of organic compound that contains a $-\text{COOH}$ group attached with a hydrocarbon chain. They occur widely in nature that includes amino acid, acetic acid (vinegar) and so on. Deprotonation of carboxylic acid gives carboxylate anion which is mostly present in soaps. The name of these compounds ends with a suffix $-oicacid$ or $-icacid$ . Rules for writing IUPAC name from the structural formula are given below.

• First, identify the longest carbon chain.

• The next step is to identify the groups attached to the longest chain.

• Identify the position, location, and a number of the substituents bonded to the carbon chain.

• Use prefix di, tri, tetra if the same type of substituents are present.

• Name the substituents in alphabetical order.

Answer to Problem 20.2P

The name of the given compound is cyclopropanoic acid..

Explanation of Solution

The structure of the given compound is shown as below.

Figure 11

When a compound is named the first thing is to identify the longest parent chain. If the parent chain is substituted, then it is numbered in such a manner so that the substituent gets the lowest locant number. In the given case, the structure is numbered as shown below.

Figure 12

It contains a carboxyl group which is a higher priority functional group. The numbering is started from the carboxyl group. The parent chain is identified as cyclopropane. Therefore the given compound is named as cyclopropanoic acid

Conclusion

The given compound is named as cyclopropanoic acid.