EBK BIOCHEMISTRY
6th Edition
ISBN: 8220102959286
Author: GRISHAM
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 20, Problem 19P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
Based on the reading of F1Fo-ATPase, the conclusion about the mechanism of ATP synthesis should be identified from the given options.
Concept Introduction:
In the mechanism of ATP synthesis, the reaction of 18O exchange takes place. An SN2 reaction is given by the hydrolysis of ATP into Pi. The nucleophile then attacks the y phosphorous and then ATP is released.
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Fura-2 Fluorescence (Arbitrary Unit)
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[Ca2+]=2970nM, 25°C
[Ca2+] 2970nM, 4°C
[Ca2+]=0.9nM, 25°C
[Ca2+] = 0.9nM, 4°C
0
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Wavelength (nm)
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<
The figure on the LHS shows the excitation spectra of Fura-2 (Em
= 510 nm) in 2 solutions with two different Ca2+ ion concentration
as indicated. Except for temperature, the setting for excitation &
signal acquisition was identical.<
ப
a) The unit in Y-axis is arbitrary (unspecified). Why? <
<
b) Compare & contrast the excitation wavelength of the Isosbestic
Point of Fura-2 at 25 °C & 4 °C. Give a possible reason for the
discrepancy. <
c) The fluorescence intensity at 25 °C & 4 °C are different. Explain
why with the concept of electronic configuration. <
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- for each pair of biomolecules, identify the type of reaction (oxidation-reduction, hydrolysis, isomerization, group transfer, or nternal rearrangement) required to convert the first molecule to the second. In each case, indicate the general type of enzyme and cofactor(s) c reactants required, and any other products that would result. R-CH-CH-CH-C-S-COA A(n) A(n) A(n) A(n) Palmitoyl-CoA R-CH-CH=CH-C-S-CoA ° trans-A-Enoyl-CoA reaction converts palmitoyl-CoA to trans-A2-enoyl-CoA. This reaction requires and also produces Coo HN-C-H CH₂ CH₂ CH CH CH, CH, L-Leucine CH, CH, D-Leucine 8/6881 COO HÌNH: reaction converts L-leucine to D-leucine. This reaction is catalyzed by a(n) H-C-OH H-C-OH C=0 HO-C-H HO-C-H H-C-OH H-C-OH H-C-OH CH,OH Glucose H-C-OH CH,OH Fructose OH OH OH CH-C-CH₂ reaction converts glucose to fructose. This reaction is catalyzed by a(n) OH OH OPO I CH-C-CH H Glycerol Glycerol 3-phosphate H reaction converts glycerol to glycerol 3-phosphate. This reaction requires H,N- H,N H…arrow_forwardAfter adding a small amount of ATP labeled with radioactive phosphorus in the terminal position, [7-32P]ATP, to a yeast extract, a researcher finds about half of the 32P activity in P; within a few minutes, but the concentration of ATP remains unchanged. She then carries out the same experiment using ATP labeled with 32P in the central position, [ẞ-³2P]ATP, but the 32P does not appear in P; within such a short time. Which statements explain these results? Yeast cells reincorporate P; released from [ß-³2P]ATP into ATP more quickly than P¡ released from [y-³2P]ATP. Only the terminal (y) phosphorous atom acts as an electrophilic target for nucleophilic attack. The terminal (y) phosphoryl group undergoes a more rapid turnover than the central (B) phosphate group. Yeast cells maintain ATP levels by regulating the synthesis and breakdown of ATP. Correct Answerarrow_forwardCompare the structure of the nucleoside triphosphate CTP with the structure of ATP. NH₂ 0- 0- 0- ·P—O—P—O—P—O—CH₂ H H H H OH OH Cytidine triphosphate (CTP) Consider the reaction: ATP + CDP ADP + CTP NH 0- 0- 0- ¯0— P—O— P—O—P-O-CH₂ H Η о H H OH OH Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) NH₂ Now predict the approximate K'eq for this reaction. Now predict the approximate AG for this reaction. Narrow_forward
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