MICROBIOLOGY FUND.:CLINICAL APPR-ACCESS
3rd Edition
ISBN: 2810022612789
Author: Cowan
Publisher: MCG
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 2, Problem 9Q
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The history of the discovery of penicillin by expanding the story given
Concept introduction:
Penicillin is an antibiotic which is used to treat various bacterial infections. It is the first discovered antibiotic which is obtained naturally. It is an antibiotic which is capable of competing, inhibiting, or killing several microbial species.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
)What methods are similar in bringing fungal and bacterial specimens from a particular body site?Note that these questions are not about what happens to the specimens in the lab. It is about taking specimens from the human body.
2)What are some methods that might be more suitable for bringing fungal pathogens to the lab?
3)What methods might be more suitable for bacteria?
Kousei works at a company that produces sweetened condensed milk. If one or more samples exceed 1 x 10 fungal
CFU/mL (or CFU/g) the entire lot produced will be rejected. Kousei's boss, Kaori, wanted to know if the lot passed
the FDA guidelines. The following fungal counts were obtained after serial dilution and spread plating of the
samples:
Type of
Dilutions plated
10-4
10-3
105
Colony
Plate 1
Plate 2
Plate 1
Plate 2
Plate 1
Plate 2
Plate 3
166
Fungi
160
155
45
40
1
11
Based on the fungal counts obtained, will the lot be rejected?
No, because the computed CFU/mL is 4.3 x 10^5
No, because the computed CFU/mL is 4.1 x 10^5
Yes, because the computed CFU/mL is 4.3 x 10^6
Yes, because the computed CFU/mL is 4.1 x 10^6
Yes, because the computed CFU/mL is 1.1 X 10^7
Information is lacking so CFU/mL cannot be computed
Plate 3
37
Plate 3
7
W
S
Fungal infections generally have fewer treatment options because..
a) they are Gram negative cells
b) their cell type is eukaryotic like ours
c) they can easily mutate their genetic code
d) their DNA is more complex than ours
Previous Page
E
Submit Quiz
R
Next Page
5 of 10 questions saved
%
H
&
8
J K
Page 6 of 10
Chapter 2 Solutions
MICROBIOLOGY FUND.:CLINICAL APPR-ACCESS
Ch. 2.1 - Explain what the Five Is are and what each step...Ch. 2.1 - Discuss three physical states of media and when...Ch. 2.1 - Compare and contrast selective and differential...Ch. 2.1 - Provide brief definitions for defined media and...Ch. 2.1 - Medical Moment The Making of the Flu Vaccine: An...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 1NPCh. 2.1 - Prob. 2NPCh. 2.2 - Prob. 5AYPCh. 2.2 - Prob. 6AYPCh. 2.2 - Prob. 7AYP
Ch. 2.2 - Give examples of simple, differential, and special...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 3NPCh. 2.2 - Medical Moment Gram-Positive Versus Gram-Negative...Ch. 2 - The identities of microorganisms on our planet a....Ch. 2 - Prob. 2QCh. 2 - Often bacteria that are freshly isolated from a...Ch. 2 - Which of these types of organisms is least likely...Ch. 2 - Prob. 5QCh. 2 - Some bacteria can produce a structure called an...Ch. 2 - A fastidious organism must be grown on what type...Ch. 2 - Write a short paragraph to differentiate among the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 9QCh. 2 - Viruses are commonly grown in/on a. animal cells...Ch. 2 - Can you devise a growth medium with ingredients...Ch. 2 - There is a type of differential medium that can...Ch. 2 - Prob. 13QCh. 2 - Several bacteria live naturally in a material on...Ch. 2 - Archaea often grow naturally in extreme...Ch. 2 - Prob. 16QCh. 2 - After performing the streak plate procedure on a...Ch. 2 - You are a scientist studying a marsh area...Ch. 2 - Prob. 19QCh. 2 - Prob. 20QCh. 2 - You perform the special stain for bacterial...Ch. 2 - Prob. 1VC
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- “Human disease caused by fungi requires an infection event”. Discuss this statement with specific reference to named examplesarrow_forward18) What tissue samples the above slides were taken from?19) What is the name of the parasite patient 1 is infected with?20) What is the name of the vector for the patient 1 parasite? ** the information is located on the top**arrow_forwardTwo microbiologists are writing a textbook, but they cannot agree where to place the discussion of botulism. One favored the chapter on nervous system infections, whereas the other insisted on the chapter covering digestive system infections. Where do you think the discussion should be placed, and why?arrow_forward
- In 1971, Dr. Akira Endo, working at the Sankyo company in Tokyo speculated that fungi not only contained antibiotics but also inhibitors of other processes such as cholesterol metabolism. Over a period of several years, he screened more than 6,000 fungal cultures until a positive result emerged. This compound, which was named compactin, came from the blue-green mold Penicillium citrinum Pen-5 that was isolated from a rice sample collected at a grain shop in Kyoto. Based on biochemical assays, compactin is the first known statin. 1. The original kinetics data for compactin inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase enzyme that was published by Dr. Endo in 1976 is shown on the right. a) Determine the Km and Vmax values for enzymatic activity. Do NOT forget the units. Answers can be expressed either as a fraction or in decimals. With No inhibitor: ; Vmax= -60 1/V, (nanomoles/min)-1 0.4 0.35+ 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 -40 -20 0 + 24 nM compactin + 70 nM compactin None T 20 40 60 1/[HMG-CoA], (mM)-1…arrow_forwardAn apple farmer notices that some of the trees in his orchard have a fungus on them and those trees have necrotic ring spots typically associated with a viral infection. The trees that don't have fungus appear to be healthy. What is the most likely conclusion the farmer can make here?arrow_forwardHistorians report that 2500 years ago the Chinese learned to treat superficial infections such as boils by applying moldy soybean curds to the area. Can you suggest what this implies? - Please dont use the same answer that is already posted.arrow_forward
- Why do yeasts generally have to be cultured for longer periods than most bacteria? Can bacteriological media be used for the cultivation of molds? Explain your answer. What is the difference between vegetative and aerial mycelia? What are the three classes of antifungal drugs based on their mechanism/site of action? Describe the mode of action of each class. Name one fungal virulence factors that promote fungal colonization. Explain the mechanism. Name one fungal virulence factors that damage the host. Explain the mechanism.arrow_forwardWhat kind of medicine is used to treat ringworm. Is this medicine synthetic or was it isolated from another fungal species? answer the following in 3-6 sentencesarrow_forwardYou are a physician working in a hospital. Your patient is a 65-year-old individual who has been living on the street. Their symptoms include trouble breathing, weakness, and most recently coughing up blood. When gram stained, the bacterium shows no color and most of the antibiotics are not reducing the infection. After reviewing the information from the last physician, you prescribe Isoniazid. Select all of the answers that are correct. Mycolic acid is present in fungal cells Mycolic acid is a waxy substance that can repel many molecules An organism that has mycolic acid has to have access to oxygen and grows very slowly. If there is not gram stain then there is no bacteria present Isonazid targets and destroys mycolic acid. ►arrow_forward
- A) A short paragraph on the habitat of the organism. B) A short paragraph on the special characteristics of the organism. C) And a short paragraph on the clinical significance of the organism. The bacterial organism is Staphlyococcus Epidermidis.arrow_forwardFungi can reproduce in all of the following manners except __________.a) mitosisb) by axsexual sporesc) by sexual sporesd) by binary fissione) vegetativelyarrow_forwardTwo patients, with identical medical histories are in adjacent hospital beds. Each is infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae. Patient A's infection progresses to pneumonia while Patient B's infection resolves quickly. The microbial stain of the lung fluid from Patient A indicated the bacterial cells had a capsule, while Patient B's lung fluid stain did not. Why did the capsule affect the course of the infection in Patient A?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Medical Terminology for Health Professions, Spira...Health & NutritionISBN:9781305634350Author:Ann Ehrlich, Carol L. Schroeder, Laura Ehrlich, Katrina A. SchroederPublisher:Cengage Learning
Medical Terminology for Health Professions, Spira...
Health & Nutrition
ISBN:9781305634350
Author:Ann Ehrlich, Carol L. Schroeder, Laura Ehrlich, Katrina A. Schroeder
Publisher:Cengage Learning