Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The elements that are neutral, positivelycharged, or negativelycharged are to be identified among the given elements and the conventional symbols of the same are to be calculated.
Concept introduction:
Atoms are neutral if they contain an equal number of protons and electrons.
Atoms are negativelycharged if they contain a higher number of electrons than the number of protons, i.e., number of negative charges are more than the positive charges.
Atoms are positivelycharged if they contain a higher number of protons than the number of electrons i.e. number of positive charges are more than the negative charges.
The conventional symbol for any element ‘X’ with
The atomic number (Z) is the number of protons in the nucleus of each atom, which also indicates the number of electrons in the atom. The mass number (A) is the sum of neutrons and protons present in the nucleus of a particular atom. The mass number (A) is given by:

Answer to Problem 92AP
Solution:
a) A, F, and G.
b) B and E.
c) C andD.
d)
Explanation of Solution
Atoms are neutral if they contain the same number of protons and electrons.
a)The species which are neutral.
For element A,
The number of electrons as well as the number of protons
For element F,
The number of electrons as well as the number of protons
For element G,
The number of electrons as well as the number of protons
Hence, the elements A, F, and G are neutral.
b)The species which are negatively charged.
Atoms are negativelycharged if they contain a higher number of electrons than the number of protons.
For element B,
The number of electrons
For element F,
The number of electrons
c) The species that are positively charged.
Atoms are positivelycharged if they contain a higher number of protons than the number of electrons.
For element C,
The number of electrons
For element D,
The number of electrons
d) The conventional symbol for all.
The conventional symbol for any element ‘X’ with the atomic number (Z) and the mass number (A) is given by
For element A,
The number of protons (Z)
Refer to the expression to calculate the mass number (A):
Substitute the known values in the above expression,
The conventional symbol for element A is given by
For element B,
The number of protons (Z)
Refer to the expression to calculate the mass number (A):
Substitute the known values in the above expression,
The conventional symbol for element B is given by
For element C,
The number of protons (Z)
Refer to the expression to calculate the mass number (A):
Substitute the known values in the above expression,
The conventional symbol for element C is given by
For element D,
The number of protons (Z)
Refer to the expression to calculate the mass number (A):
Substitute the known values in the above expression,
The conventional symbol for element D is given by
For element E,
The number of protons (Z)
Refer to the expression to calculate the mass number (A):
Substitute the known values in the above expression,
The conventional symbol for element E is given by
For element F,
The number of protons (Z)
Refer to the expression to calculate the mass number (A):
Substitute the known values in the above expression,
The conventional symbol for element F is given by
For element G,
The number of protons (Z)
Refer to the expression to calculate the mass number (A):
Substitute the known values in the above expression,
The conventional symbol for element G is given by
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 2 Solutions
BURDGE CHEMISTRY VALUE ED (LL)
- The statements in the tables below are about two different chemical equilibria. The symbols have their usual meaning, for example AG stands for the standard Gibbs free energy of reaction and K stands for the equilibrium constant. In each table, there may be one statement that is faise because it contradicts the other three statements. If you find a false statement, check the box next to t Otherwise, check the "no false statements" box under the table. statement false? AG"1 no false statements: statement false? AG-0 0 InK-0 0 K-1 0 AH-TAS no false statements 2arrow_forwardComplete the following esterification reactions by drawing the line formulas of the carboxylic acid and alcohol required to form the ester shown. catalyst catalyst catalyst apricot fragrancearrow_forwardShow the saponification products of the following ester: You don't need to draw in the Na+ cation. catalyst, A catalyst, A catalyst, Aarrow_forward
- What would happen if the carboxylic acid and alcohol groups were on the same molecule? In essence, the molecule reacts with itself. Draw the structure of the products formed in this manner using the reactants below. If two functional groups interact with one another on the same molecule, this is called an “intramolecular" (within one) rather than "intermolecular" (between two or more) attack. OH OH catalyst OH HO catalyst catalyst HO OHarrow_forwardQ3: Write in the starting alkyl bromide used to form the following products. Include any reactants, reagents, and solvents over the reaction arrow. If more than one step is required, denote separate steps by using 1), 2), 3), etc. H OH racemic OH OH 5 racemicarrow_forwardDraw the Lewis structure of the SO3-O(CH3)2 complex shown in the bottom right of slide 2in lecture 3-3 (“Me” means a CH3 group) – include all valence electron pairs and formal charges.From this structure, should the complex be a stable molecule? Explain.arrow_forward
- please add appropriate arrows, and tell me clearly where to add arrows, or draw itarrow_forwardWhat I Have Learned Directions: Given the following reaction and the stress applied in each reaction, answer the question below. A. H2(g) + Cl2(g) 2 HCl(g) Stress applied: Decreasing the pressure 1. What is the Keq expression? 2. What will be the effect in the number of moles of HCl(g)? 3. What will be the Equilibrium Shift or the reaction? B. Fe3O4(s) + 4 H2(g) + heat 53 Fe(s) + 4 H₂O(g) Stress applied: Increasing the temperature 1. What is the Keq expression?. 2. What will be the effect in the volume of water vapor collected? 3. What will be the Equilibrium Shift or the reaction? C. 4 NH3(g) + 5 O2(g) 4 NO(g) + 6 H2O(g) + heat Stress applied: Increasing the volume of the container 1. What is the Keq expression?. 2. What will be the effect in the amount of H₂O? 3. What will be the Equilibrium Shift or the reaction?arrow_forwardConsider the solubility products (Ksp values) for the following compounds:SrSO4 (Ksp = 7.6 x 10−7), BaSO4 (Ksp = 1.5 x 10−9), SrCO3 (Ksp = 7.0 x 10−10), BaCO3 (Ksp = 1.6 x 10−9)Which anion is the harder base, CO32− or SO42−? Justify your answer.arrow_forward
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry for Engineering StudentsChemistryISBN:9781337398909Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom HolmePublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)ChemistryISBN:9781938168390Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark BlaserPublisher:OpenStaxIntroductory Chemistry: A FoundationChemistryISBN:9781337399425Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning





