BURDGE  CHEMISTRY VALUE ED (LL)
BURDGE CHEMISTRY VALUE ED (LL)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259995958
Author: VALUE EDITION
Publisher: MCG CUSTOM
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Textbook Question
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Chapter 2, Problem 61QP

Name the following compounds: ( a )  KH 2 PO 4 ( b )  K 2 HPO 4 ( c )  HBr  ( gas ) ( d )  HBr  ( in water ) ( e )  Li 2 CO 3 , ( f )  K 2 Cr 2 O 7 ( g )  NH 4 NO 2 ( h )  HIO 3 ( i )  PF 3 ( j )  P 4 O 6 ( k )  Cdl 2 , ( 1 )  SrSO 4 ( m )  Al ( OH ) 3 .

Expert Solution & Answer
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Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The names the of given compounds are to be identified from the formula.

Concept introduction:

Steps for naming the ionic compounds are as follows:

Identify the cation and the anion in the compound.

Combine the names of the cations and the anions by elimination of the word ‘ion’ from the names of the individual ions.

Steps for naming the binary molecular compounds are as follows:

First name the element that appears first in its molecular formula.

Now, name the second element by changing its ending to –ide.

Use proper prefixes to indicate the number of atoms present for individual elements.

Steps for naming the acids are as follows:

From hydrogen, omit the term ‘–gen’, leaving the name hydro-.

The name ending with ‘–ide’ is changed to ‘–ic’.

Now, combine the two terms and add the word acid to give complete name.

The oxoacids are named according to the names of the oxoanions from which they are derived. The acid based on an -ate ion is called –ic acid.

Answer to Problem 61QP

Solution:

a)

Potassium dihydrogen phosphate

b)

Potassium hydrogen phosphate

c)

Hydrogen bromide

d)

Hydrobromic acid

e)

Lithium carbonate

f)

Potassium dichromate

g)

Ammonium nitrite

h)

Hydrogen iodate (in water Iodic acid)

i)

Phosphorous pentafluoride

j)

Tetraphosphorus hexoxide

k)

Cadmium iodide

l)

Strontium sulfate

m)

Aluminum hydroxide

Explanation of Solution

a) KH2PO4

The compound KH2PO4 contains a potassium ion (K+) and a dihydrogen phosphate ion (H2PO4). Combine the cation and the anion names, and eliminate the word ion from each of the individual ion names, the name of KH2PO4 is potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

b) K2HPO4

The compound K2HPO4 a contains potassium ion (K+) and a hydrogen phosphate ion (HPO42). Combine the cation and the anion names, and eliminate the word ion from each of the individual ion names, the name of K2HPO4 is potassium hydrogen phosphate.

c) HBr

The compound HBr contains a hydrogen ion (H+) and a bromide ion (Br-). Combine the cation and the anion names, and eliminate the word ion from each of the individual ion names, the name of HBr is hydrogen bromide.

d) HBr(inwater)

The molecular compound HBr is a simple acid. From the word hydrogen, omit ‘–gen’ from it leaving only hydro-. Also, change the ‘–ide’ of the term bromide to ‘–ic’ forming the name ‘–bromic’. Combine the two words and add the word ‘acid’. The name of HBr(inwater) is hydrobromic acid.

e) Li2CO3

The compound Li2CO3 contains a lithium ion (Li+) and a carbonate ion (CO32). Combine the cation and the anion names, and eliminate the word ion from each of the individual ion names, the name of Li2CO3 is lithium carbonate.

f) K2Cr2O7

The compound K2Cr2O7 contains a potassium ion (K+) and a dichromate ion (Cr2O72). Combine the cation and the anion names, and eliminate the word ion from each of the individual ion names, the name of K2Cr2O7 is potassium dichromate.

g) NH4NO2

The compound NH4NO2 contains an ammonium ion (NH4+) and a nitrite ion (NO2-). Combine the cation and the anion names, and eliminate the word ion from each of the individual ion names, the name of NH4NO2 is ammonium nitrite.

h) HIO3

The compound HIO3 is an oxoacid, which is based on iodate ion (IO3) and has one ionizable hydrogen atom (H+). The name of HIO3 in water is iodic acid. The actual name of the compound is hydrogen iodate.

i) PF5

The molecular compound PF5 contains one phosphorous atom and five fluorine atoms. The element that appears first in the formula is phosphorous. Omit the prefix mono- for phosphorous. The second element is fluorine, so change fluorine to fluoride and use the prefix penta- to denote the number of fluorine atoms. The name of PF5 is Phosphorous pentafluoride.

j) P4O6

The molecular compound P4O6 contains four phosphorus atoms and six oxygen atoms. The element that appears first in the formula is phosphorous. Use the prefix tetra- to denote the number of phosphorous atoms. The second element is oxygen, so change oxygen to oxide and use the prefix hexa- to denote the number of oxygen atoms. The name of P4O6 is Tetraphosphorus hexoxide.

k) CdI2

The compound CdI2 contains cadmium ion (Cd2+) and iodide ion (I-). Combine the cation and the anion names, and eliminate the word ion from each of the individual ion names, the name of CdI2 is cadmium iodide.

l) SrSO4

The compound SrSO4 contains a strontium ion (Sr2+) and a sulfate ion (SO42-). Combine the cation and the anion names, and eliminate the word ion from each of the individual ion names, the name of SrSO4 is strontium sulfate.

m) Al(OH)3

The compound Al(OH)3 contains an aluminum ion (Al3+) and a hydroxide ion (OH-). Combine the cation and the anion names, and eliminate the word ion from each of the individual ion names, the name of Al(OH)3 is aluminum hydroxide.

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Chapter 2 Solutions

BURDGE CHEMISTRY VALUE ED (LL)

Ch. 2.3 - Practice ProblemATTEMPT The atomic masses of the...Ch. 2.3 - Practice ProblemBUILD The average atomic mass of...Ch. 2.3 - Practice Problem CONCEPTUALIZE The following...Ch. 2.4 - Which of the following series of elemental symbols...Ch. 2.4 - 2.4.2 Which of the following elements would you...Ch. 2.4 - Practice Problem ATTEMPT Name the following ionic...Ch. 2.4 - Practice Problem BUILD Name the following ionic...Ch. 2.4 - Practice ProblemCONCEPTUALIZE The diagram...Ch. 2.5 - Boron has two naturally occurring isotopes, which...Ch. 2.5 - 2.5.2 The two naturally occurring isotopes of...Ch. 2.5 - Practice Problem ATTEMPT Deduce the formulas of...Ch. 2.5 - Practice ProblemBUILD Deduce the formulas of the...Ch. 2.5 - Practice Problem CONCEPTUALIZE The diagram...Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 1PPACh. 2.6 - Practice ProblemBUILD Name the following species:...Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 2.6 - Prob. 1CPCh. 2.6 - Prob. 2CPCh. 2.6 - Prob. 3CPCh. 2.6 - 2.6.4 What is the formula of nickel(II) nitrate...Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 5CPCh. 2.6 - Prob. 6CPCh. 2.7 - Practice ProblemATTEMPT Chloroform was used as an...Ch. 2.7 - Practice ProblemBUILD Write the molecular formula...Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 2.7 - Prob. 1CPCh. 2.7 - 2.7.2 What is the name of the compound...Ch. 2.7 - What is the correct formula for the compound...Ch. 2.7 - 2.7.4 What is the empirical formula of the...Ch. 2.8 - Practice Problem ATTEMPT Name the following...Ch. 2.8 - Practice ProblemBUILD Name the following binary...Ch. 2.8 - Practice Problem CONCEPTUALIZE Name the binary...Ch. 2.9 - Practice ProblemATTEMPT Give the molecular formula...Ch. 2.9 - Practice ProblemBUILD Give the molecular formula...Ch. 2.9 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 2.10 - Practice ProblemATTEMPT Determine the formula of...Ch. 2.10 - Practice ProblemBUILD Determine the formula of...Ch. 2.10 - Practice ProblemCONCEPTUALIZE Referring to the...Ch. 2.11 - Practice Problem ATTEMPT Write empirical formulas...Ch. 2.11 - Practice ProblemBUILD For which of the following...Ch. 2.11 - Practice ProblemCONCEPTUALIZE Which of the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 1KSPCh. 2 - Prob. 2KSPCh. 2 - Prob. 3KSPCh. 2 - What is the correct formula for phosphorus...Ch. 2 - What are the hypotheses on which Dalton's atomic...Ch. 2 - State the laws of definite proportions and...Ch. 2 - Prob. 3QPCh. 2 - Prob. 4QPCh. 2 - 2.5 Sulfur reacts with fluorine to produce three...Ch. 2 - 2.6 Both and contain only iron and oxygen. 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