Essential Cell Biology (fifth Edition)
Essential Cell Biology (fifth Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780393680362
Author: ALBERTS, Bruce, Hopkin, Karen, Johnson -
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 2, Problem 5Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To explain: Whether there is any H3O+ ions present in water at neutral pH.

Introduction:

Water is an inorganic compound used as a universal solvent. H2O is the chemical formula of water. It is a tasteless and odorless liquid at room temperature. It is polar in nature and each molecule is composed of one proton (H2O) and one molecule of hydroxyl ion (OH-) . Upon dissociation; the proton molecule binds with water molecule giving rise to a hydronium ion (H3O+)

A.

Expert Solution
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Answer to Problem 5Q

Yes, at neutral pH; (pH=7) there will be hydronium ion in H3O+ water. But, its presence has no significant effect. This is due to the fact that at the neutral pH, the concentration of H3O+ and OH- are equal.

Explanation of Solution

Water is a polar inorganic solvent; which is amphoteric in nature. It means that it can act as a base and an acid at the same time. By self-ionization, it produces H+ (acid) and OH- (base) ions .The proton H+ thus formed will bind with water molecule H2O results in the production of hydronium ion (H3O+) . Increased H3O+ concentration always results in acidity and in OH- basicity respectively.

But at neutral pH, the concentration of H3O+ and OH- will be equal and it would not show any acidic character. The dissociation and association of water molecule are mentioned below:

H2OH++OH-H2O+H++OH-H3O++OH-

B.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The ratio of H3O+ ions to H2O molecules in water at neutral pH.

Introduction:

Water is an inorganic compound used as a universal solvent. H2O is the chemical formula of water. It is a tasteless and odorless liquid at room temperature. It is polar in nature and each molecule is composed of one proton (H2O) and one molecule of hydroxyl ion (OH-) . Upon dissociation; the proton molecule binds with water molecule giving rise to a hydronium ion (H3O+)

B.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 5Q

The ratio of H3O+ ions to H2O molecules is 10755.6

Explanation of Solution

The ratio of H3O+ ions to H2O molecules at neutral pH will be a very negligible value and it has no relevance

To find the ratio of H3O+ ions with H2O molecules; it is needed to divide the molecular weight of water with the weight of 1Kg of water. The calculation is shown below:

The molecular weight of water = 18gm1mol .

1 kg of water = 1 liter of water

1 kg = 1000g

Therefore,

The concentration of water in 1 liter=Weight of 1 liter of watermolecular weight of water =10001gm18gm1mol=55.56M

The concentration of H3O+ and OH- in water at neutral pH is 10-7 .

Therefore, the ratio of H3O+ ions to H2O molecules will be =10-755.6or1.8×109

So, only a fewer water molecules got dissociated at neutral pH

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