Evolutionary Analysis (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321616678
Author: Jon C. Herron, Scott Freeman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 2, Problem 4Q
Look back at Figure 2.14d, which shows the two kinds of threespine sticklebacks that live in Paxon Lake. There used to be a similar limnetic/benthic pair in Enos Lake (see Hendry et al. 2009). However, recent studies have revealed that the two forms in Enos Lake have recently merged into a single highly variable population. How does this bear on the claim that the two forms in Paxton Lake are different species? How does it bear on the claim that varying degrees of divergence among stickleback populations provide evidence for
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Researchers discover two populations of monkey flower (Erythranthe) in Yellowstone National Park. One population is found near geysers and thrives near the hot water. The other population is found in the dry slopes of the mountains nearby. Both populations appear physically similar. Based solely on their observations, the researchers make an initial hypothesis that the two populations of Erythranthe are actually two separate species. This is an example of using the ____ species concept (choose the BEST answer).
biological
morphological
ecological
phylogenetic
Ecologists use a rank-abundance curve to display relative species
abundance, which is a component of biodiversity. It can also be used to
demonstrate species richness and evenness. Figure 1 shows the rank-
abundance curve for caddisflies (Order Trichoptera) of two aquatic habitats
in northern Portugal (data from L.S.W. Tera). Pollution of streams, on the
other hand, reduces the diversity of Trichoptera and several other groups of
stream insects, reducing both species richness and species diversity.
Interpret why those happened.
These rank-abundance curves show
that the mountain stream caddisfly
community has higher species
richness and greater species evenness.
0.1 -
Mountain stream
0.01
Greater richness
and species evenness
0,001
Coastal ponds
0.0001
20
40
60
80
Abundance rank
Figure 1: Rank-abundance curve for caddisflies (Order Trichoptera) of two
aquatic habitats in northern Portugal (data from L.S.W. Tera).
Proportional abundance
For the metapopulation of Daphnia in Scandinavian freshwater pools, which situation would be most likely to result in maintenance of the metapopulation, rather than its extinction?
A) Immigrants increase the genetic diversity of pools, slightly increasing r.
B) Years of drought decrease the average size of all pools.
C) Small pools “wink off” and are not repopulated by dispersal from larger pools.
D) The pools are mostly small, and there is no dispersal among them.
E) Dispersal among pools is infrequent, and many pools reach zero density.
Chapter 2 Solutions
Evolutionary Analysis (5th Edition)
Ch. 2 - Review the kinds of evidence for evolution...Ch. 2 - Consider the experiment described in Section 2.1...Ch. 2 - In addition to dogs, list at least two or three...Ch. 2 - Look back at Figure 2.14d, which shows the two...Ch. 2 - Figures 2.20 through 2.22 show examples of...Ch. 2 - The transitional fossils in Figure 2.21...Ch. 2 - Section 2.4 presented two definitions of homology:...Ch. 2 - Analogy and homology are important concepts used...Ch. 2 - Figure 2.26 is an evolutionary tree showing the...Ch. 2 - According to the evolutionary tree shown in Figure...
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