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A glider of length ℓ moves through a stationary photogate on an air track. A photogate (Fig. P2.44) is a device that measures the time interval Δtd during which the glider blocks a beam of infrared light passing across the photogate. The ratio vd = ℓ/Δtd is the average velocity of the glider over this part of its motion. Suppose the glider moves with constant acceleration. (a) Argue for or against the idea that vd is equal to the instantaneous velocity of the glider when it is halfway through the photogate in space. (b) Argue for or against the idea that vd is equal to the instantaneous velocity of the glider when it is halfway through the photogate in time.
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Chapter 2 Solutions
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text, Hybrid (with Enhanced WebAssign Printed Access Card)
- A thief is trying to escape from a parking garage after completing a robbery, and the thief’s car is speeding (v = 12 m/s) toward the door of the parking garage (Fig. P2.60). When the thief is L = 30 m from the door, a police officer flips a switch to close the garage door. The door starts at a height of 2.0 m and moves downward at 0.20 m/s. If the thief’s car is 1.4 m tall, will the thief escape?arrow_forwardA thief is trying to escape from a parking garage after completing a robbery, and the thief's car is speeding (v = 12 m/s) toward the door of the parking garage (Fig. P2.60). When the thief is L= 30 m from the door, a police officer flips a switch to close the garage door. The door starts at a height of 2.0 m and moves downward at 0.20 m/s. If the thief's car is 1.4 m tall, will the thief escape? Garage door L Figure P2.60arrow_forwardAn object moves in one dimensional motion with constant acceleration a = 7.4 m/s². At time t = 0 s, the object is at x = 3.2 m and has an initial velocity of vo = 4 m/s. How far will the object move before it achieves a velocity of v = 6.6 m/s? Your answer should be accurate to the nearest 0.1 m.arrow_forward
- A human-powered vehicle (HPV) team wants to model the acceleration during the 260-m sprint race (the first 60 m is called a flying start) using a = A – Cv, where a is acceleration in m/s2? and v is the velocity in m/s. From wind tunnel testing, they found that C = 0.0012 m-1. Knowing that the cyclist starts from rest and is going 110 km/h at the 260-meter mark, what is the value of A? POSE HULMANarrow_forwardPedro is driving a motorcycle along Espana boulevard. His position (in meters) at any given time is given by x(t) = 1.124t2 + 6.022 . Pedro's initial position is m. His position at ten seconds is m. His speed at ten seconds is m/s. His acceleration at ten seconds is m/s2. Marites is also driving her motorcycle along Espana. Her position function is of the form . What is the coefficient if her acceleration at ten seconds is 2.04 m/s2? m/s4arrow_forwardMotion with gravity Neglecting air resistance, the motion of an objectmoving vertically near Earth’s surface is determined by the acceleration due to gravity, which is approximately 9.8 m/s2. Suppose a stone is thrown vertically upward at t = 0 with a velocity of 40 m/s from the edge of a cliff that is 100 m above a river.a. Find the velocity ν(t) of the object, for t ≥ 0.b. Find the position s(t) of the object, for t ≥ 0.c. Find the maximum height of the object above the river.d. With what speed does the object strike the river?arrow_forward
- A particle moving along the x axis has acceleration in the x direction as function of the time given by a(t) = 6t²-t. For t=0 the initial velocity is 6.0 m/s. Determine the velocity when t = 1.0 s. Write here your answer. Include the units.arrow_forwardThe acceleration of a particle is given by a = 2t - 15, where a is in meters per second squared and t is in seconds. Determine the velocity and displacement as functions of time. The initial displacement at t = 0 is 5o = -6 m, and the initial velocity is vo= 5 m/s. Once you have determined the functions of time, answer the questions. Questions: When t = 4.9 s, S= i V= a= i i m m/s m/s²arrow_forwardA jet plane comes in for a landing with a speed of 120 m/s. The length of the runway is 500 m. From the instant the plane touches the runway, what is the magnitude of the acceleration needed to stop within the runway? Write your answer in terms of m/s2.arrow_forward
- A common graphical representation of motion along a straight line is the v vs. t graph, that is, the graph of (instantaneous) velocity as a function of time. In this graph, time t is plotted on the horizontal axis and velocity v on the vertical axis. Note that by definition, velocity and acceleration are vector quantities. In straight-line motion, however, these vectors have only a single nonzero component in the direction of motion. Thus, in this problem, we will call the velocity and a the acceleration, even though they are really the components of the velocity and acceleration vectors in the direction of motion, respectively. Figure U₁(m/s) 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 1(s) 0 10 20 30 40 50 1 of 1 (Figure 1) is a plot of velocity versus time for a particle that travels along a straight line with a varying velocity. Refer to this plot to answer the following questions. Part A What is the initial velocity of the particle, vo? Express your answer in meters per second. ▸ View Available Hint(s) V₁ =…arrow_forwardThe velocity of a particle is given by v = 23t2 - 110t + 52, where v is in meters per second and t is in seconds. Plot the velocity v and acceleration a versus time for the first 6.4 seconds of motion and evaluate the velocity when a is zero. Make the plots and then answer the questions. Questions: When t = 0.8 s, V = i m/s, a = i m/s2 When t = 3.7 s, V = i m/s, a = i m/s? When t = 4.7 s, V = i m/s, a = i m/s? When a = 0, V = m/sarrow_forwardA small block has constant acceleration as it slides down a frictionless incline. The block is released from rest at the top of the incline, and its speed after it has traveled 6.00 mm to the bottom of the incline is 3.80 m/sm/s. A). What is the speed of the block when it is 4.60 mm from the top of the incline? Express your answer with the appropriate units.arrow_forward
- College PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781305952300Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris VuillePublisher:Cengage LearningUniversity Physics (14th Edition)PhysicsISBN:9780133969290Author:Hugh D. Young, Roger A. FreedmanPublisher:PEARSONIntroduction To Quantum MechanicsPhysicsISBN:9781107189638Author:Griffiths, David J., Schroeter, Darrell F.Publisher:Cambridge University Press
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