Chemical Principles
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781337247269
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl; Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning US
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 2, Problem 32E
Distinguish between the following terms.
a. molecule versus ion
b. covalent bonding versus ionic bonding
c. molecule versus compound
d. anion versus cation
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Multiple Choice
|1. Ions that are formed from one atom are known as
a. polyatomic ions.
b. monatomic ions.
c. cations.
d. anions.
2. A group of atoms united by covalent bonds is a(an)
a. cation.
b. molecule.
c. ionic compound.
d. octet.
3. Ionic compounds are always
a. electrically neutral.
b. made up of atoms that share electrons
c. polyatomic cations.
d. the same as molecules.
4. To form a bond, atoms share
a. neutrons.
b. protons.
c. inner-shell electrons.
d. valence electrons.
5. A positively charged ion attracts a(an)
a. neutral jon.
b. cation.
c. anion.
d. proton.
6. Ionic compounds
a. have high melting points.
b. are brittle.
c. are good conductors in their liquid state.
d. all of the above.
7. During a chemical reaction,
a. new elements are produced.
b. atoms are destroyed.
c. atoms are rearranged.
d. elements are destroyed.
|8. An equation is balanced by
a. changing subscripts.
b. erasing elements as necessary.
c. adding coefficients.
d. adding elements as necessary.
9. A…
Part 1: Nomenclature
What are covalent compounds (molecules)? Give two examples of covalent compounds and their formula.
What are binary ionic compounds (formula units)? Give two examples of binary ionic compounds and their formula
What is the difference between naming of cations with variable charge and compounds with fixed charge? Give two examples of each and their formula
What are polyatomic ions? Give two examples of polyatomic ions and their formula
Give two examples of compounds containing polyatomic ions and their formula
Give an example of names of binary acids (not containing a polyatomic ion) in aqueous solution and its formula.
Give an example of an oxyacid (containing a polyatomic ion) inn aqueous solution and its formula.
Part 2: Structure, Shape and polarity
Draw the Lewis structure of PH3
draw the electronic geometry and name the geometry (hint: very similar to NH3)
draw the molecular geometry and name the…
Ionic compounds do not consist of molecules, but covalent compounds generally do.
Why is it incorrect to refer to a molecule of an ionic compound?
As part of your answer, draw two scenes, representing atoms as circles:
a. Draw at least 6 copies of NaCl showing how it is bonded.
b. Draw at least 6 copies of BrCl showing how it is bonded.
Then explain what is meant by a molecule and why it is correct to state that most
covalent compounds exist as molecules, but ionic compounds do not exist as
molecules.
Take a picture of your drawing and explanation and insert it in the answer box.
Chapter 2 Solutions
Chemical Principles
Ch. 2 - You may have noticed that when water boils, you...Ch. 2 - Which of the following is true about an individual...Ch. 2 - How would you go about finding the number of...Ch. 2 - These questions concern the work of J. J. Thomson:...Ch. 2 - Heat is applied to an ice cube in a closed...Ch. 2 - You have a chemical in a sealed glass container...Ch. 2 - Prob. 7DQCh. 2 - One of the best indications of a useful theory is...Ch. 2 - Prob. 9DQCh. 2 - How does Dalton’s atomic theory account for each...
Ch. 2 - What refinements had to be made in Dalton’s...Ch. 2 - Which (if any) of the following can be determined...Ch. 2 - The average mass of a carbon atom is 12.011....Ch. 2 - Which of the following explain how an ion is...Ch. 2 - Prob. 15DQCh. 2 - Prob. 16DQCh. 2 - Why is calcium dichloride not the correct...Ch. 2 - Explain the law of conservation of mass, the law...Ch. 2 - Prob. 19ECh. 2 - When mixtures of gaseous H2 and gaseous Cl2 react,...Ch. 2 - Observations of the reaction between nitrogen gas...Ch. 2 - Prob. 22ECh. 2 - Hydrazine, ammonia, and hydrogen azide all contain...Ch. 2 - Consider 80.0-g samples of two different compounds...Ch. 2 - Early tables of atomic weights (masses) were...Ch. 2 - What evidence led to the conclusion that cathode...Ch. 2 - Prob. 27ECh. 2 - Prob. 28ECh. 2 - A chemist in a galaxy far, far away performed the...Ch. 2 - Do the proton and the neutron have exactly the...Ch. 2 - Consider Ernest Rutherford’s a-particle...Ch. 2 - Distinguish between the following terms. a....Ch. 2 - What is the distinction between atomic number and...Ch. 2 - Prob. 34ECh. 2 - a. List the noble gas elements. Which of the noble...Ch. 2 - Consider the elements of the carbon family: C, Si,...Ch. 2 - Prob. 37ECh. 2 - The number of protons in an atom determines the...Ch. 2 - For lighter, stable isotopes, the ratio of the...Ch. 2 - For each of the following sets of elements, label...Ch. 2 - Prob. 41ECh. 2 - Write the atomic symbol (ZAX) for each of the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 43ECh. 2 - Prob. 44ECh. 2 - Prob. 45ECh. 2 - Prob. 46ECh. 2 - Would you expect each of the following atoms to...Ch. 2 - Prob. 48ECh. 2 - The compounds AlCl3,CrCl3,andICl3 have similar...Ch. 2 - Each of the following compounds has three...Ch. 2 - Prob. 51ECh. 2 - Prob. 52ECh. 2 - Prob. 53ECh. 2 - Prob. 54ECh. 2 - Prob. 55ECh. 2 - Prob. 56ECh. 2 - Prob. 57ECh. 2 - Prob. 58ECh. 2 - Prob. 59ECh. 2 - Prob. 60ECh. 2 - Prob. 61ECh. 2 - Prob. 62AECh. 2 - Prob. 63AECh. 2 - What discoveries were made by J. J. Thomson,...Ch. 2 - Prob. 65AECh. 2 - Prob. 66AECh. 2 - A sample of chloroform is found to contain 12.0 g...Ch. 2 - In a reaction, 34.0 g of chromium(III) oxide...Ch. 2 - Prob. 69AECh. 2 - Prob. 70AECh. 2 - Prob. 71AECh. 2 - Prob. 72AECh. 2 - Prob. 73AECh. 2 - Prob. 74AECh. 2 - Prob. 75AECh. 2 - Prob. 76AECh. 2 - Prob. 77AECh. 2 - Prob. 78AECh. 2 - Prob. 79AECh. 2 - Identify each of the following elements. a. a...Ch. 2 - A certain element has only two naturally occurring...Ch. 2 - Prob. 82AECh. 2 - Which of the following is(are) correct? a. 40Ca2+...Ch. 2 - Prob. 84AECh. 2 - Prob. 85AECh. 2 - Complete the following table to predict whether...Ch. 2 - Which of the following statements is(are) correct?...Ch. 2 - Prob. 88CPCh. 2 - Each of the statements below is true, but Dalton...Ch. 2 - You take three compounds, each consisting of two...Ch. 2 - Two elements, R and Q, combine to form two...Ch. 2 - A single molecule has a mass of 7.3110223g ....Ch. 2 - A combustion reaction involves the reaction of a...Ch. 2 - You have two distinct gaseous compounds made from...Ch. 2 - You have gone back in time and are working with...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Contrast the two general types of chemical compounds in terms of their general physical properties.arrow_forwardThe “Chemistry in Focus” segment Sugar of Lead discusses Pb(C2H3O2)2 , which originally was known as sugar of lead. Why was it called sugar of lead? What is the systematic name for Pb(C2H3O2)2? Why is it necessary to have a system for the naming of chemical compounds?arrow_forwardThese questions concern the work of J. J. Thomson: From Thomson’s work, which particles do you think he would feel are most important in the formation of compounds (chemical changes) and why? Of the remaining two subatomic particles, which do you place second in importance for forming compounds and why? Come up with three models that explain Thomson’s findings and evaluate them. To be complete you should include Thomson’s findings.arrow_forward
- Sodium ions, Na+, form ionic compounds with fluoride ions, F, and iodide ions, I. The radii of these ions are as follows: Na+ = 116 pm; F = 119 pm; and l = 206 pm. In which ionic compound, NaF or Nal, are the forces of attraction between cation and anion stronger? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardWhich one of these is truearrow_forwardAn ionic bond is best described as the transfer of electrons from one atom to another. the attraction between two nonmetal atoms. the sharing of electrons. the attraction that holds the atoms together in a polyatomic ion. O the attraction between two metal atoms.arrow_forward
- 14. A A typical soap molecule is made up of a polyatomic anion associated with a cation. The polyatomic anion contains hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen. One soap molecule has 18 carbon atoms and contains 70.5% carbon, 11.5% hydrogen, and 10.4% oxygen by mass. It also contains one alkali metal ion. Identify this alkali metal ion. (13: od ib Chapter 6 Proportions in Chemical Compounds MHR 267 ●arrow_forward1. All of the following are used in writing Lewis dot symbols EXCEPT what? a. element symbolb. mass numberc. number of valence electronsd. group number in the periodic table 2. Which is the formula of the compound formed by barium and phosphorus? a. Ba3 Pb. Ba2 Pc. BaP3d. Ba3 P2arrow_forwardII 121 !!! ... estion Completion Status: QUESTION 2 Which is true regarding the compound KCI? Note that this is CI" for chlorine, not "C" for carbon and "I" for iodine. it is ionic and held together by opposite charge it is ionic and held together by shared electrons it is molecular and held together by charge O it is molecular and held together by shared electrons QUESTION 3 Describe your reasoning for your choice in the previous problem For the toolbar, press ALT+F10 (PC) or ALT+FN+F10 (Mac). Paragraph Arial 10pt x² X, g T Te ABC + – >田 P. QUESTION 4 Which is true regarding the compound K2S? O it is ionic and held together by opposite charge Click Save and Submit to save and submit. Click Save All Answers to save all answers. MacBook Air DD 000 000 F4 F6 F5 esc F3 F1 F2arrow_forward
- We+2 Werium A+1 Almostium Du-3 Dunium Y-2 Yeasium 1. Use the elements above to create a model that shows how an atom becomes charged and explain your model. 2. Use the elements above to create a model that shows how atoms combine to form an ionic compound. (Lewis Dot) Write the correct chemical formula for your compound. Explain how you predicted the chemical formula using nomenclature rules Name the compound Explain why the name is correct according to nomenclature rules. 3. Use the elements above to create a model that shows how atoms combine to form a molecular compound. (Lewis Dot) Write the correct chemical formula for your compound. Explain how you predicted the chemical formula using nomenclature rules Name the compound Explain why the name is correct according to nomenclature rules. 4. Explain how your models show that elements combine in whole number ratios.arrow_forwardHow is an ionic compound formed? Give an example.arrow_forwardWhat are the similarities between binary ionic compounds and transition metals and Polyatomic ion‘s? What’s the differences between binary ionic compounds and transition metals and polyatomic ion’s? arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...ChemistryISBN:9781305079250Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed PetersPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
Living By Chemistry: First Edition TextbookChemistryISBN:9781559539418Author:Angelica StacyPublisher:MAC HIGHER
World of Chemistry, 3rd editionChemistryISBN:9781133109655Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Principles and Practice
Chemistry
ISBN:9780534420123
Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079250
Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed Peters
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337399074
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133949640
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Living By Chemistry: First Edition Textbook
Chemistry
ISBN:9781559539418
Author:Angelica Stacy
Publisher:MAC HIGHER
World of Chemistry, 3rd edition
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133109655
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage Learning
Types of Matter: Elements, Compounds and Mixtures; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dggHWvFJ8Xs;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY