Chapter 2, Problem 2.6VP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The highlighted elements in the periodic table given in Figure P2.6 that form monatomic ions with a charge of $\text{1}+\text{,}\text{2}+\text{,}\text{3}+\text{,}\text{1}-$ and $2-$ are to be stated.

Concept introduction: The periodic table consists of metals, nonmetals and metalloids. Monatomic ions are the ions that have either gained or lost electrons while atoms are neutral, ions are charged particles.

The main group metals tend to form cations with charges equal to that of their group number and nonmetals tend to form anions with charges equal to that of their group number. For example: ${\text{Na}}^{\text{+}}\text{,}{\text{Mg}}^{\text{2+}}$ and ${\text{Al}}^{\text{3+}}$ are the metals that form cations and ${\text{F}}^{\text{-}}\text{,}{\text{O}}^{\text{2-}}$ and ${\text{N}}^{\text{3-}}$ are the nonmetals that form anions.

To determine: The highlighted elements that form monatomic ions with a charge of $1+$.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The highlighted elements that form monatomic ions with a charge of $2+$.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The highlighted elements that form monatomic ions with a charge of $3+$.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The highlighted elements that form monatomic ions with a charge of $1-$.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The highlighted elements that form monatomic ions with a charge of $2-$.