(a)
Interpretation:
The atom has higher
The given diagram is,
Figure 1
Concept Introduction:
Atomic number (Z):
Atomic number of an element is the number of protons found in the nucleus of every atom of that element.
(b)
Interpretation:
The atom has higher ionization energy has to be given.
The given diagram is,
Figure 1
Concept Introduction:
Ionization energy:
Ionization energy is defined as the energy required removing one mole of electron from one mole of isolated gaseous atom or ion.
Periodic trends:
Ionization energy of an element increases along the period and decreases down the group.
(c)
Interpretation:
The atom has higher ionization energy has to be given.
The given diagram is,
Figure 1
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 2 Solutions
Connect 1-Semester Online Access for Principles of General, Organic & Biochemistry
- 2.42 What is a period in the periodic table? From what does it derive its name?arrow_forward(A) A photon has a wavelength of 599 nm. Calculate the energy of the photon in joules. Enter your answer in scientific notation. (b) what is the wave length (in nm) of radiation that has an energy content of 9.53 x 103 kJ/mol? (B part 2) in which region of the electromagnetic spectrum is this radiation found? (c) what are the possible values for ml when the principal quantum number (n) is 2 and the angular momentum quantum number is 0?arrow_forward(a) Write out the full electron configuration of Calcium (Ca). (b) How many electrons are in the n=3 shell of Calcium?arrow_forward
- Question:Consider two elements, Element A and Element B, from the periodic table. Element A is located in Group 1 and Period 3, while Element B is located in Group 16 and Period 2. (a) Which element would have a larger atomic radius, Element A or Element B? Justify your answer. (b) Predict the ionization energy of Element A and Element B. Which element would have a higher ionization energy? Explain your reasoning. (c) Based on their positions in the periodic table, which element would be more likely to form a stable cation? Provide a brief explanation for your choice.arrow_forwardBoron, atomic number 5, occurs naturally as two isotopes, 10B and 11B, with natural abundances of 19.9% and 80.1%, respectively. (a) In what ways do the two isotopes differ from each other? Does the electronic configuration of 10B differ from that of 11B? (b) Draw the orbital diagram for an atom of 11B. Which electrons are the valence electrons? (c) Indicate three ways in which the 1s electrons in boron differ from its 2s electrons. (d) Elemental boron reacts with fluorine to form BF3, a gas. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of solid boron with fluorine gas. (e) ΔHf° for BF3(g) is -1135.6 kj/mol. Calculate the standard enthalpy change in the reaction of boron with fluorine. (f) Will the mass percentage of F be the same in 10BF3 and 11BF3? If not, why is that the case?arrow_forward2. (a) What do you understand by the statement: "the energy of the electrons in an atom is quantized"? (b) Why did Rutherford select alpha particles in his gold foil experiment? Briefly explain your answer in own words.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about the hydrogen atom is FALSE. (A) The hydrogen atom is neutral. (B)The hydrogen atom has a uniform distribution of charge. (C)The hydrogen atom is not polar. (D)The hydrogen atom is spherically symmetric.arrow_forward18. (a) What did Ernest Rutherford observe during his experiments? (b) What did Niels Bohr observe during his experiments? (c) How did the work of each scientist contribute to the development of the planetary model of the atom? Explain your ideas in at least four (4) sentences.arrow_forwardConsider the following information about three atoms: (a) How are they similar to one another? (b) How do they differ from one another? (c) What are the members of such a group of atoms called? (d) Using the planetary model, draw the atomic configuration of 126C showing the relative position and numbers of its subatomic particles.arrow_forward
- The graph at the right shows the atomic radius for the19 elements in the periodic table.(a) Describe the trend in atomic radius in going fromH (atomic number 1) to K (atomic number 19).(b) Find the three elements represented with blue dotson a periodic table. What do their placements in thetable have in common?(c) Find the three elements represented with red dotson a periodic table. What do their placements in thetable have in common?(d) Based on the graph, what is the radius of C?arrow_forwardWhat is meant by the ground state of an atom? (a) All of the quantum numbers have their lowest values (n = 1, l = m = 0). (b) The principal quantum number of the electrons in the outer shell is 1. (c) All of the electrons are in the lowest energy state, consistent with the exclusion principle. (d) The electrons are in the lowest state allowed by the uncertainty principle.arrow_forward(c) Silicon (Si) is the most common chemical element in today's semiconductor industry. It has an atomic number of 14 and belongs to the Group IV (4) of the periodic table with its most common isotope being Si-29. (i) (ii) (iii) Explain what an isotope is. How many protons and how many neutrons are in the nucleus of this Silicon isotope? What is the electron configuration of Si?arrow_forward
- General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Matter and ChangeChemistryISBN:9780078746376Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl WistromPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub CoIntroductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...ChemistryISBN:9781305079250Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed PetersPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Living By Chemistry: First Edition TextbookChemistryISBN:9781559539418Author:Angelica StacyPublisher:MAC HIGHERIntroduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry for Engineering StudentsChemistryISBN:9781337398909Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom HolmePublisher:Cengage Learning