(a) Interpretation: The schematic diagram of the given process is to be prepared and dynamic model of the given process for the level of tank is to be describe. Also, the corresponding steady-state model is to be defined. Concept introduction: For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances. The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics , transport phenomena , chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes. In steady-state process, the accumulation in the process is taken as zero.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 2, Problem 2.11E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The schematic diagram of the given process is to be prepared and dynamic model of the given process for the level of tank is to be describe. Also, the corresponding steady-state model is to be defined.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances.

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

In steady-state process, the accumulation in the process is taken as zero.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The value of the valve constant at steady-state conditions is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances.

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The mathematical relation used in the feed forward controller is to be derived. Also, the conclusion about the resulting level control is to be discussed.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances.

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

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An 8-foot ion exchange bed needs to be backwashed with water to remove impurities. The particles have a density of 1.24 g/cm³ and an average size of 1.1 mm. Calculate: a. The minimum fluidization velocity using water at 30°C? b. The velocity required to expand the bed by 30%? Assumptions: The ion exchange bed particles are spherical (sphericity = 1.1), and the minimum fluidization porosity (ɛM) is 0.3. Notes: At 30°C, the viscosity (μ) of water is 0.797 cP, and the density (ρ) is 0.995 g/cm³.

fluidized bed reactor uses a solid catalyst with a particle diameter of 0.25 mm, a bulk density of 1.50 g/mL, and a sphericity of 0.90. Under packed bed conditions, the porosity is 0.35, and the bed height is 2 m. The gas enters from the bottom of the reactor at a temperature of 600°C, with a viscosity of 0.025 cP and a density of 0.22 lb/ft³. At minimum fluidization, the porosity reaches 0.45. Calculate: a. The minimum superficial velocity (VM) of the gas entering the fluidized column. b. The bed height if V = 2 VM c. The pressure drop under conditions where V =2.5 VM

A fluidized bed reactor uses a solid catalyst with a particle diameter of 0.25 mm, a bulk density of 1.50 g/mL, and a sphericity of 0.90. Under packed bed conditions, the porosity is 0.35, and the bed height is 2 m. The gas enters from the bottom of the reactor at a temperature of 600°C, with a viscosity of 0.025 cP and a density of 0.22 lb/ft³. At minimum fluidization, the porosity reaches 0.45. Calculate: a. The minimum superficial velocity (VM) of the gas entering the fluidized column. b. The bed height if V = 2 VM c. The pressure drop under conditions where V =2.5 VM

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 2, Problem 2.11E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The schematic diagram of the given process is to be prepared and dynamic model of the given process for the level of tank is to be describe. Also, the corresponding steady-state model is to be defined.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances.

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

In steady-state process, the accumulation in the process is taken as zero.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The value of the valve constant at steady-state conditions is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances.

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The mathematical relation used in the feed forward controller is to be derived. Also, the conclusion about the resulting level control is to be discussed.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances.

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 2, Problem 2.11E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The schematic diagram of the given process is to be prepared and dynamic model of the given process for the level of tank is to be describe. Also, the corresponding steady-state model is to be defined.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances.

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

In steady-state process, the accumulation in the process is taken as zero.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The value of the valve constant at steady-state conditions is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances.

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The mathematical relation used in the feed forward controller is to be derived. Also, the conclusion about the resulting level control is to be discussed.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances.

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 2, Problem 2.11E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The schematic diagram of the given process is to be prepared and dynamic model of the given process for the level of tank is to be describe. Also, the corresponding steady-state model is to be defined.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances.

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

In steady-state process, the accumulation in the process is taken as zero.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The value of the valve constant at steady-state conditions is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances.

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The mathematical relation used in the feed forward controller is to be derived. Also, the conclusion about the resulting level control is to be discussed.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances.

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

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Answer 5

Chapter 2, Problem 2.11E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The schematic diagram of the given process is to be prepared and dynamic model of the given process for the level of tank is to be describe. Also, the corresponding steady-state model is to be defined.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances.

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

In steady-state process, the accumulation in the process is taken as zero.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The value of the valve constant at steady-state conditions is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances.

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The mathematical relation used in the feed forward controller is to be derived. Also, the conclusion about the resulting level control is to be discussed.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances.

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

Answer 6

Chapter 2, Problem 2.11E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The schematic diagram of the given process is to be prepared and dynamic model of the given process for the level of tank is to be describe. Also, the corresponding steady-state model is to be defined.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances.

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

In steady-state process, the accumulation in the process is taken as zero.

Answer 7

Chapter 2, Problem 2.11E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The schematic diagram of the given process is to be prepared and dynamic model of the given process for the level of tank is to be describe. Also, the corresponding steady-state model is to be defined.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances.

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

In steady-state process, the accumulation in the process is taken as zero.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The value of the valve constant at steady-state conditions is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances.

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The value of the valve constant at steady-state conditions is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances.

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The mathematical relation used in the feed forward controller is to be derived. Also, the conclusion about the resulting level control is to be discussed.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances.

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The mathematical relation used in the feed forward controller is to be derived. Also, the conclusion about the resulting level control is to be discussed.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances.

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.1E Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.2E Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.3E Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.4E Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.5E Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.6E Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.7E Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.8E Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.9E Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.10E

Solution Summary: The author explains how the schematic diagram of the given process is prepared and the steady-state model is defined.

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Chapter 2 Solutions