Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The separation method used when a mixture of cooked pasta and boiling water in poured into a colander is to be identified.
Concept introduction:
The basic techniques of separation of mixture components are:
Filtration - The method of filtration is used to separate the components of a mixture whose particle sizes are different. Filtration is also used to separate solids from liquids using sieve plates.
Crystallization - The method of crystallization involves the separation of components from a mixture in which the components have a difference in their solubility in a particular solvent. On cooling down the solution, the desired component crystallizes out of the solution.
Distillation - This method involves heating and cooling the mixture with components having large differences in their boiling points. The component with lower boiling point vapourises first. The component vapours are cooled down and collected in separate containers.
Chromatography - This separation technique is based on the difference between the solubilities of the components of a mixture in mobile and stationary phases. The component having greater solubility in the mobile phase is separated and collected first whereas the component with greater solubility in the stationary phase is separated later.
(b)
Interpretation:
The separation method used when coloured impurities from raw sugar are removed to make refined sugar is to be identified.
Concept introduction:
The basic techniques of separation of mixture components are:
Filtration - The method of filtration is used to separate the components of a mixture whose particle sizes are different. Filtration is also used to separate solids from liquids using sieve plates.
Crystallization - The method of crystallization involves the separation of components from a mixture in which the components have a difference in their solubility in a particular solvent. On cooling down the solution, the desired component crystallizes out of the solution.
Distillation - This method involves heating and cooling the mixture with components having large differences in their boiling points. The component with lower boiling point vapourises first. The component vapours are cooled down and collected in separate containers.
Chromatography - This separation technique is based on the difference between the solubilities of the components of a mixture in mobile and stationary phases. The component having greater solubility in the mobile phase is separated and collected first whereas the component with greater solubility in the stationary phase is separated later.

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Chapter 2 Solutions
CHEMISTRY:MOLECULAR...V.2 W/ACCESS
- + C8H16O2 (Fatty acid) + 11 02 → 8 CO2 a. Which of the above are the reactants? b. Which of the above are the products? H2o CO₂ c. Which reactant is the electron donor? Futty acid d. Which reactant is the electron acceptor? e. Which of the product is now reduced? f. Which of the products is now oxidized? 02 #20 102 8 H₂O g. Where was the carbon initially in this chemical reaction and where is it now that it is finished? 2 h. Where were the electrons initially in this chemical reaction and where is it now that it is finished?arrow_forward→ Acetyl-CoA + 3NAD+ + 1FAD + 1ADP 2CO2 + CoA + 3NADH + 1FADH2 + 1ATP a. Which of the above are the reactants? b. Which of the above are the products? c. Which reactant is the electron donor? d. Which reactants are the electron acceptors? e. Which of the products are now reduced? f. Which product is now oxidized? g. Which process was used to produce the ATP? h. Where was the energy initially in this chemical reaction and where is it now that it is finished? i. Where was the carbon initially in this chemical reaction and where is it now that it is finished? j. Where were the electrons initially in this chemical reaction and where is it now that it is finished?arrow_forwardRank each of the following substituted benzene molecules in order of which will react fastest (1) to slowest (4) by electrophilic aromatic substitution. OCH 3 (Choose one) OH (Choose one) Br (Choose one) Explanation Check NO2 (Choose one) © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Aarrow_forward
- For each of the substituted benzene molecules below, determine the inductive and resonance effects the substituent will have on the benzene ring, as well as the overall electron-density of the ring compared to unsubstituted benzene. Molecule Inductive Effects O donating O withdrawing O no inductive effects Resonance Effects Overall Electron-Density ○ donating ○ withdrawing O no resonance effects O electron-rich O electron-deficient O similar to benzene Cl O donating O withdrawing ○ donating ○ withdrawing O no inductive effects O no resonance effects O Explanation Check O electron-rich O electron-deficient similar to benzene X © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Accessarrow_forwardIdentifying electron-donating and For each of the substituted benzene molecules below, determine the inductive and resonance effects the substituent will have on the benzene ring, as well as the overall electron-density of the ring compared to unsubstituted benzene. Molecule Inductive Effects NH2 ○ donating NO2 Explanation Check withdrawing no inductive effects Resonance Effects Overall Electron-Density ○ donating O withdrawing O no resonance effects O donating O withdrawing O donating withdrawing O no inductive effects Ono resonance effects O electron-rich electron-deficient O similar to benzene O electron-rich O electron-deficient O similar to benzene olo 18 Ar 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Accessibilityarrow_forwardRank each of the following substituted benzene molecules in order of which will react fastest (1) to slowest (4) by electrophilic aromatic substitution. Explanation Check Х (Choose one) OH (Choose one) OCH3 (Choose one) OH (Choose one) © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Centerarrow_forward
- Assign R or S to all the chiral centers in each compound drawn below porat bg 9 Br Brarrow_forwarddescrive the energy levels of an atom and howan electron moces between themarrow_forwardRank each set of substituents using the Cahn-Ingold-Perlog sequence rules (priority) by numbering the highest priority substituent 1.arrow_forward
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