Mindtap Biology, 1 Term (6 Months) Printed Access Card For Solomon/martin/martin/berg's Biology, 11th
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337393096
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 19.4, Problem 3C
How can researchers test the hypothesis that clinal variation among populations of a particular species has a genetic basis?
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Anisogamy is the term for sexual dimorphism in gamete size.
a) Discuss the evolution of anisogamy from an ancestor in which gametes had equal size. What factors would lead to a divergence in gamete size among members of a population?
b) Sexual selection can be strong in some species, and weaker in others. What determines the strength of sexual selection for a certain species? Discuss the differences in sex roles and Bateman’s Principle in your answer.
Steven Frank and Laurence Hurst argued that a cytoplasmically inherited mutation in humans that has severe effects in males but no effect in females will not be eliminated from a population by natural selection because only females pass on mtDNA (S. A. Frank and L. D. Hurst. 1996. Nature 383:224). Using this argument, explain why males with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy are more severely affected than females.
All genetic differences between all the individuals of all the different species are a
result of
O a) mutations
O b) the need for new traits
O C) None of the other answers is correct.
O d) differences in the rate of translation
e) differences in the rate of transcription
Chapter 19 Solutions
Mindtap Biology, 1 Term (6 Months) Printed Access Card For Solomon/martin/martin/berg's Biology, 11th
Ch. 19.1 - Define what is meant by a populations gene pool.Ch. 19.1 - Distinguish among genotype, phenotype, and allele...Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 19.1 - Can the frequencies of all genotypes in a...Ch. 19.1 - INTERPRET DATA In a human population of 1000, 840...Ch. 19.2 - Discuss the significance of the HardyWeinberg...Ch. 19.2 - Prob. 4LOCh. 19.2 - INTERPRET DATA In a population at genetic...Ch. 19.2 - INTERPRET DATA In a population at genetic...Ch. 19.2 - INTERPRET DATA The genotype frequencies of a...
Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 5LOCh. 19.3 - Discuss how each of the following...Ch. 19.3 - Distinguish among stabilizing selection,...Ch. 19.3 - Which microevolutionary force leads to adaptive...Ch. 19.3 - Why is mutation important to evolution if it is...Ch. 19.3 - Which microevolutionary forces are most associated...Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 4CCh. 19.4 - Prob. 8LOCh. 19.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 19.4 - Prob. 2CCh. 19.4 - How can researchers test the hypothesis that...Ch. 19 - The genetic description of an individual is its...Ch. 19 - In a diploid species, each individual possesses...Ch. 19 - The MN blood group is of interest to population...Ch. 19 - If a populations allele and genotype frequencies...Ch. 19 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 19 - The continued presence of the allele that causes...Ch. 19 - According to the HardyWeinberg principle, (a)...Ch. 19 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 19 - Mutation (a) leads to adaptive evolutionary change...Ch. 19 - Which of the following is not true of natural...Ch. 19 - If all copies of a given locus have the same...Ch. 19 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 19 - EVOLUTION LINK Given that mutations are almost...Ch. 19 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 19 - Prob. 15TYUCh. 19 - EVOLUTION LINK Evolution is sometimes...Ch. 19 - INTERPRET DATA The recessive allele that causes...Ch. 19 - PREDICT You study males in populations of a...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19TYU
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- 10) Two processes that take place within a cell are shown here. Which of these statements correctly identify the processes and their outcomes? Select ALL that apply. A) Both processes increase genetic variation. B) Both processes can produce new phenotypes in an organism. C) Process II occurs randomly while process I is predictable. D) Process I is beneficial to the organism while process II is detrimental. E) Only process I can provide the basis for natural selection acting on phenotypes. Not Gradedarrow_forwardSome traits that can be counted and expressed in whole numbers, such as bristle number in Drosophila, are: A) continuous traits B) deletion C) genome D) meristic traits E) quantitative F) species G) threshold traits H) variationarrow_forwardWyckoff et al. (2000. Nature 403:304-309) have proposed that some human male reproductive-associated genes have evolved by natural selection and not by neutral evolution. Part of the DNA sequence results of their study is shown below. Which gene(s) did seem to evolve by natural selection? Note: dn = number of substitutions per non-synonymous (replacement) sites and ds = number of substitutions per synonymous (silent) sites. dn ds Acrosin-Trypsin 0.138 0.064 Protamine 1 0.133 0.046 SRY 0.055 0.090 Histone H1 (testicular) 0.055…arrow_forward
- Consider bats, where the folded ear allele (e) is recessive to the upright ear allele (E). If, in a colony of 100 bats, 64 of the bats have upright ears (assuming the colony is at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium) how many do you expect to be:a) Homozygous Dominant? b) Homozygous Recessive? c) Heterozygous?arrow_forwardWhat specific reproductive isolation mechanism is being described by each following statementsarrow_forwardConsider the following statement: ‘female, w+w flies have red eyes’. In this example: Group of answer choices 1) w+w is the genotype, and red eyes is the phenotype 2) female is the genotype, and red eyes is the phenotype 3) not enough information provided to determine genotype or phenotype 4) red eyes is the genotype, and w+w is the phenotypearrow_forward
- This model shows the process of natural selection on rabbits demonstrating variation in fur color over several generations. Using the model, what most likely led to the loss of white furred rabbits in the population? A) the white rabbits did not reproduce fast enough to survive B) white was a recessive trait and therefore not passed on to any offspring C) the white fur was a favorable trait but was never prevalent in the population D) the rabbits with white fur had less camouflage in the environment and were more easily preyed on by predatorsarrow_forwardSteven Frank and Laurence Hurst argued that a cytoplasmically inherited mutation in humans that has severe effects in males but no effect in females will not be eliminated from a population by natural selection because only females pass on mtDNA. Using this argument, explain why males with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy are more severely affected than females.arrow_forwardWhy is variation beneficial to the species but not necessarily for the individual?arrow_forward
- Solve and Illustrate the following: A population of birds contains 16 animals with red tail feathers and 34 animals with blue tail feathers. Blue tail feathers are the dominant trait. a) What is the frequency of the red allele? b) What is the frequency of the blue allele? c) What is the frequency of heterozygotes? d) What is the frequency of birds homozygous for the blue allele?arrow_forward27) In the fruit fly speciation experiment, individuals from separate populations that were raised using the same food source were more likely to attempt mating with each other than individuals raised on different food sources. Why? A) Because they had adapted to their environment in the same way B) Because this is an example of allopatric speciation C) Because the separate populations were able to carry out some gene flow D)Because the jars were accidently placed next to each other so the males and females were able to recognize each 28) What is needed for natural selection to occur? A) Variation sexual reproduction, competition B) Variation, heritability competition C)Variation, competition, time D) Heritability, competition, sexual reproductionarrow_forwardIn evolutionary terms, an organism's fitness is measured by its 1. a) population rate changes due to environmental pressures 2. b) contribution to the gene pool of the next generation 3. c) rate of genetic variability across mitotically changing exons 4. d) mutation rate due to genetic drift 5. e) all of the abovearrow_forward
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